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Indonesia moving its capital from Jakarta to Borneo
Indonesia is getting ready to move its capital from Jakarta to Borneo due to environmental problems like traffic congestion, sinking into the sea, and earthquake susceptibility.
Due to environmental problems like earthquake risk, traffic congestion, and sinking into the sea, Indonesia is prepared to move its capital from Jakarta to Borneo. By 2045, the new metropolis city will be carbon neutral, according to officials, and will be a “sustainable forest city,” which puts the environment at the centre of development.
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The building of the new capital is intended to serve as a “nostrum for the problems in Jakarta, which will also allow the country to start over,” according to Indonesian President Joko Widodo.
Indonesia’s decision to relocate its capital is due to:
The city of Jakarta, which is home to 10 million people, has been dubbed the one that is sinking the fastest in the world and is predicted to be completely submerged by the year 2050.
Officials asserted that unchecked groundwater extraction, which has been made worse by the rising Java Sea due to climate change, is the primary cause of the capital’s relocation.Although flooding is a common occurrence brought on by congested roads, air pollution is also a significant problem. It is estimated that the annual cost of congestion is around $4.5 billion.
This led the president to develop plans for a new capital that he wants to call “Nusantara,” which will enable the construction of government structures and housing from the ground up.
What Will The New Capital Be Like:
In order to establish the city of Nusantara, which is named after an old Javanese word for “archipelago,” Widodo will have to build all of the civic infrastructure and housing from scratch. Over 1.5 million civil servants were expected to relocate to the city, which is located about 2,000 kilometres (1,240 miles) northeast of Jakarta, according to initial estimates; however, ministries and government organisations are still working to determine the exact number.
The Nusantara National Capital Authority’s Bambang Susantono stated that the new capital city will implement the “forest city” concept, with 65% of the area being replanted.
The city will likely be officially opened on August 17 of the following year, which also happens to be Indonesia’s Independence Day. The final phases of the city, according to the new capital’s officials, probably won’t be finished until 2045, the year of the country’s 100th birthday.
What are the concerns raised
However, because this plan will result in significant deforestation and threaten the habitat of threatened species like orangutans, environmentalists are not happy with the decision and have been vocal about their concerns.
The majority of the forested areas in the new capital are production forests, which means that forestry and extractive activities, which would result in deforestation, may be allowed there, according to a 2022 report by an Indonesian non-governmental organisation called Forest Watch Indonesia.
The construction is forcing at least five villages with more than 100 Balik residents to relocate, according to the AP.
About the Borneo Island
It is the world’s third-largest island and the largest in Asia. It is home to some of the most spectacular tropical rainforests on the planet. It is divided politically into three countries: Indonesia, Malaysia, and Brunei. Kalimantan is the Indonesian portion of the island of Borneo, accounting for 73% of the island’s geographic area.
Indonesia Quick Facts Government Type presidential republic Currency Rupiah (IDR) Total Area 735,354 Square Miles, 1,904,569 Square Kilometers Location Ocean Southeastern Asia, archipelago between the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Language dialects Bahasa Indonesia (official, modified form of Malay), English, Dutch, local President Joko Widodo. 
