Environment
Rising Urbanization in India: Solutions for Pollution & Sustainable Growth Shared in Jaipur Symposium

- Systematic City Planning: Ojha and other experts agreed that urban growth must be managed through planned infrastructure and environmental policies to handle city expansion sustainably.
- Population and Migration Control: Former Chief Engineer Damodar Chirania pointed out that as population density increases, people naturally migrate from villages to cities, requiring better health, education, and employment facilities. This demand drives infrastructure expansion but also increases pollution.
- Environmental Responsibility: Senior journalist Rajendra Boda emphasized that understanding the difference between climate change (a global phenomenon) and pollution (a local issue) is crucial. Boda shared the example of New Jersey, where efficient waste management practices keep pollution in check. He argued that proactive local governance could create cleaner and healthier cities.
- Self-Reliant Villages: Special Guest Rajendra Bhanawat stressed Gandhi’s vision of self-sufficient villages to reduce migration to cities. According to Bhanawat, villages should meet their own needs rather than relying on urban centers, and reducing dependence on imported goods could encourage local industries.
- Pollution Management: Various kinds of pollution, such as air, water, and soil contamination, need specialized treatment, regulations, and public awareness to mitigate their impact.
- Waste Reduction: Farooq Afridy, a senior satirist and journalist, emphasized the importance of reducing waste through recycling and reusing materials. He highlighted that while climate change is a global issue, pollution in cities can be controlled by individuals and local governments.
- Increasing Public Awareness: Dr. Savitri Raizada and GK Srivastava also discussed the need for environmental education to build a responsible society. They highlighted the role of social media in raising awareness about urban pollution and effective waste management.
- Enhanced Waste Management: Implementing robust waste collection and recycling facilities across cities, especially for e-waste, is essential.
- Strict Pollution Controls: Governments must enforce air quality standards and restrict high-pollution activities in urban areas.
- Community Engagement: Active public participation in city cleanliness initiatives can create a sense of responsibility and improve compliance.
- Integrated Urban Policies: Collaboration between government departments and local organizations can lead to more holistic and effective urban planning.
- Village Empowerment: Focusing on making villages self-reliant can reduce migration to cities and lessen the environmental load on urban centers.
Contents
Jaipur, November 11, 2024: The Rising Urbanization is reshaping societies worldwide, bringing both opportunities and challenges. To address the local and global impact of urbanization, Jaipur hosted the 90th symposium of the Mukta Manch organization on the theme “Rising Urbanization: Challenges and Solutions.” Held under the guidance of Dr. Pushpalata Garg and chaired by Dr. Narendra Sharma ‘Kusum,’ the event brought together experts, retired IAS officers, and other thought leaders to discuss the pressing issues of urbanization, pollution, and sustainable development.
Key Issues Addressed in the Symposium
During this session, the discussions focused on the urgent need for effective urban management, highlighting how rising urbanization contributes to pollution and disrupts environmental balance. Key speakers, including retired IAS officers Arun Ojha and Rajendra Bhanawat, emphasized that the government alone cannot solve these challenges. Instead, they stressed the need for community-led initiatives, collaborative efforts, and responsible urban planning.
Causes of Rising Urbanization and Pollution
Dr. Narendra Sharma ‘Kusum,’ a prominent speaker, discussed the human-driven nature of urbanization and pollution. He noted that while nature provides clean resources, the rapid urban expansion and unsustainable practices in cities are creating severe pollution issues. He argued that political institutions often lack effective implementation strategies, and governmental policies remain ineffective without strong public involvement.
Role of Authorities in Managing Urbanization
Main Guest Arun Ojha, a retired IAS officer, highlighted the role of municipal and government bodies in city planning, particularly in managing water, electricity, road infrastructure, and waste disposal. He expressed concerns over how many urban centers lack basic facilities such as adequate footpaths and efficient waste management for plastic, electronic waste, and batteries. Ojha called for strict enforcement of urban regulations and stressed that cities like Jaipur, designed centuries ago, now face immense pressure due to modern urban expansion.
Expert Opinions on Urbanization Solutions
Sustainable Development and Waste Management
Speakers discussed the pressing need for sustainable development and efficient waste management to curb pollution. Dr. Mangala Songara shared that urbanization issues have socio-economic and political aspects, with government departments often lacking accountability in tackling pollution effectively.

Promoting Self-Reliance to Reduce Urban Dependence
Speakers agreed on the need to boost rural self-reliance to reduce urban congestion. Sri Krishna Sharma, President of Shabd Sansar, remarked that urbanization in India began late compared to other countries. However, projections show that by 2060, about half of India’s population will reside in cities, creating greater demand for sustainable urban planning.
Sharma pointed to the Worldometer report by the UN, showing that India’s population is already over 1.45 billion, with pollution and waste production increasing at a rapid rate. For instance, New Delhi recently recorded an Air Quality Index (AQI) of around 400, prompting strict controls on diesel usage and waste management. Sharma emphasized that strict air, soil, and water quality standards are essential to keep pollution in check as urban populations continue to grow.
Actionable Recommendations for Clean Cities
The symposium concluded with a series of recommendations for improving urban living conditions and promoting sustainable city growth:
Building Sustainable and Pollution-Free Cities
The “Rising Urbanization Challenges and Solutions” symposium in Jaipur offered a platform for experts to address the adverse effects of rapid urbanization and propose practical solutions. Through collective effort and strategic urban planning, cities can become sustainable and cleaner. By empowering both rural and urban communities, implementing strict pollution controls, and fostering public awareness, a brighter and cleaner future can be achieved for cities across India and beyond.
External Resources for Sustainable Urban Development

Art
Theatre & Art Unite in a spectacular showcase of talent and values at St Xavier’s Inter-

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Jaipur, Aug.13,2025: The event’s theme—Universal Apostolic Preferences—guided student performances, inviting them to embody Jesuit values like solidarity, social justice, and spiritual reflection
Theatre & Art Unite: Setting the Stage
Theatre & Art Unite framed the heart of a day where students from St. Xavier’s School—Nevta, Jaipur—took center stage, blending dramatic expression with musical harmony. On August 12, 2025, the campus reverberated with creativity as students from Classes 6 through 12 performed with passion and purpose.


Purpose & Powerful Theme: Universal Apostolic Preferences
The event’s theme—Universal Apostolic Preferences—guided student performances, inviting them to embody Jesuit values like solidarity, social justice, and spiritual reflection. Through both drama and song, participants explored and expressed what these values mean in today’s world, illustrating how Theatre & Art Unite not only hearts but values.
Drama & Music: Houses in Action
English Play: A Theatrical Masterclass
In the English Play segment, Classes 9–12 brought stories to life under the discerning eyes of judges: Fr. Edward Oliviera (renowned principal and educationist), Mr. Biju M.P., and Ms. Teeja Jose. Their verdicts praised the students’ compelling stage presence, imaginative direction, and thematic resonance. Fr. Edward’s live feedback, rich with theatrical guidance, elevated confidence and performance quality.
Singing Competition: Soulful Melodies
Meanwhile, Classes 6–8 lit up the stage in the Singing Competition, judged by Fr. Edward Oliviera, Mr. Ashish Joseph (Indian Idol fame), and the school’s music mentor, Mr. Colin Jobard. The voices rang clear, embodying the event’s spiritual and social message. Judges applauded the emotional depth and musical articulation, proving again why Theatre & Art Unite as powerful educational tools.
Winners & Highlights
- Drama Competition:
- Blue House: 1st place
- Red House: 2nd place
- Green House: 3rd place
- Singing Competition:
- Blue House: 1st place
- Yellow House: 2nd place
- Green House: 3rd place
Principal Rev. Fr. Sangeeth Raj, SJ, announced the winners with warmth, acknowledging every participant, and reemphasizing how Theatre & Art Unite to nurture holistic education.
Inspirational Takeaways & Jesuit Values
- Creative Confidence: Students showcased remarkable self-assurance—theatre and art unite minds and courage.
- Value-Driven Expression: The Universal Apostolic Preferences theme turned performances into acts of conscience and commitment.
- Educational Enrichment: Through art, students gained insight into empathy, teamwork, and expressive nuance.
- Mentorship Matters: Insights from Fr. Edward and Mr. Joseph sparked artistic growth and confidence.
Why Theatre & Art Matter in Education
Theatre & Art Unite not merely students, but ideals and experiences—making education emotionally resonant. This event underscores how incorporating performing arts into schooling fosters creativity, ethical awareness, and emotional literacy.
As St. Xavier’s School looks to future competitions and cultural expressions, the success of this Inter-House English Play and Singing Competition proves that Theatre & Art Unite in elevating education beyond textbooks.
Delhi/NCR
Reimagining National Parks Inspires Conservation – Corbett Seminar Sparks Sensational Change

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New Delhi, Aug.11,2025: The seminar’s keynote, delivered by Professor Ashutosh Kumar (Head, DCEE, DU), set the tone with Reimagining National Parks—a call to evolve from mere visitors to
From Sanctuary to Sensibility
The seminar’s keynote, delivered by Professor Ashutosh Kumar (Head, DCEE, DU), set the tone with Reimagining National Parks—a call to evolve from mere visitors to “ecological storytellers.” He urged students to amplify their voices for sustainable policy, recognizing the deep ties between urban life and wilderness vitality.
History Meets Reality
Mr. Rajiv Bhartari (I.F.S. retired, Consultant in Protected Area Management) offered a sweeping overview—from the park’s founding as Hailey National Park in 1936 to the pivotal Wildlife (Protection) Act of 1972. He also highlighted a modern dilemma: overtourism, which strains ecosystems while offering economic gain.
Ecological Imbalance
Freelance naturalist Imran Khan, owner of Rangers Lodge homestay, revealed how past choices—like planting teak and eucalyptus—have weakened biodiversity. He championed the restoration of native Sal forests to rebuild ecological resilience.
Tourism’s Carbon Toll
Mr. Ram Pratap, Director of the Indian School of Naturalist, framed overtourism as part of a global problem: tourism contributes ~8% of global carbon emissions. He urged sustainable park operations, local community involvement, and tougher regulatory frameworks to preserve India’s conservation reputation.

Individual Action Matters
Swami Prem Parivartan, popularly known as Peepal Baba and Founder of @givemetreestrust, invoked the power of one—individuals plant and preserve. He fused ecology with spirituality, reinforcing how personal responsibility deepens environmental connection.
A Transformative Encounter
Faisal Rizvi, Director at Etroupers Consultants, shared how an unplanned tiger encounter transformed his view of the jungle—not merely a spectacle but a complex, interconnected world demanding respect and defense.
Institutional Impact and Community Drive
The event galvanized students and faculty, strengthening the university’s mission to cultivate ecological consciousness through collaboration. Voices from varied domains—history, science, personal story—united to show that real conservation hinges on collective wisdom and passion.
Vote of Thanks & Collective Vision
Organizers delivered heartfelt thanks to all speakers for their invaluable insights, to the University of Delhi students whose engagement brought energy, and to sponsors Manu Maharani Resort, Aahana Resort, and Digital9 whose support made the event possible. Their partnership underscores that safeguarding our natural heritage is a shared endeavor—one that this seminar inspires us to continue.
Accident
uttarkashi‑cloudburst‑flash‑flood‑devastation‑4‑dead

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Uttarakhand, Aug.05,2025: At approximately 1:45 PM IST the cloudburst over the upper Khīr Ganga basin caused a sudden flash flood
Uttarkashi Cloudburst Flash Flood Strikes Dharali
Uttarkashi cloudburst flash flood unfolded on the morning of Tuesday, August 5, 2025, when an intense cloudburst over the Khīr Ganga catchment triggered a catastrophic surge in water and debris, drowning Dharali village near Harsil in minutes.
Eyewitness Horror & Timeline of Events
- At approximately 1:45 PM IST the cloudburst over the upper Khīr Ganga basin caused a sudden flash flood.
- In just 30–34 seconds, torrents of water mixed with rocks and mud swept through Dharali, washing away hotels, homes, shops, and market stalls lining the riverbank.
- Villagers captured shocking footage of people screaming and fleeing as infrastructures collapsed into the rushing gully.
Casualties and Missing Persons
- Local officials confirmed 4 people died in the flash flood so far.
- Approximately 50 individuals remain missing, many feared trapped under debris or washed downstream in gutted buildings and lodges.
Scale of Destruction in Dharali
- The floodcourse devastated entire rows of hotels, homestays, and market shops. 20–25 accommodation units are reportedly destroyed.
- The entire marketplace of Dharali has been nearly wiped out. Several homes and commercial structures carved into the hillside were swept away.
Rescue and Relief Operations Underway
- The district administration, SDRF, NDRF, ITBP, and the Indian Army swiftly mobilized. Within 10 minutes, a team of roughly 150 soldiers reached the site and began rescue efforts, evacuating 15–20 people to safety while searching for survivors.
- Specialized gear and search‑and‑rescue teams continue ground operations under adverse terrain and ongoing heavy rainfall conditions.
Government & Political Response
- Uttarkashi DM Prashant Arya confirmed fatalities and reported widespread property loss, with communications and electricity disrupted.
- Chief Minister Pushkar Singh Dhami posted on X (formerly Twitter):
“The news of heavy damage caused by a cloudburst in Dharali (Uttarkashi) region is extremely sad… SDRF, NDRF, district administration, and other related teams are engaged in relief and rescue operations on a war footing.”.
- Union Home Minister Amit Shah spoke with the CM and assured the deployment of central assistance; he directed ITBP and NDRF teams to move immediately to the scene.
Natural Causes & Climate Risk in Uttarakhand
- A cloudburst is an intense, short-lived rainfall event that can deposit over 100 mm of rain within an hour, especially common in orographic mountainous zones like Uttarakhand.
- Experts caution that the region’s increasing vulnerability to such flash floods is linked to climate change, unplanned development along riverbanks, and shrinking forest cover.
Lessons & Precautions for Future
- Frequent early‑warning systems and real‑time rainfall monitoring could help prevent tragedies in high-risk zones.
- Restricting development immediately adjacent to fast‑flowing mountain streams and mandating flood‑resilient building codes may reduce future loss.
- Enhancing community-based disaster preparedness and conducting evacuation drills for remote villages like Dharali are essential.
The Uttarkashi cloudburst flash flood has wrought tragic loss: four lives lost, dozens missing, and entire sections of Dharali erased within seconds. Rescue operations are ongoing amid challenging terrain and shifting weather. This calamity is a vivid reminder of Uttarakhand’s fragile alpine ecosystems and the urgent need for enhanced disaster resilience.
Education
Ek Ped Maa Ke Naam 2.0 Tree Plantation Drive Begins Strong in Jaipur

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Jaipur, Aug.01,2025: Under the banner of Ek Ped Maa Ke Naam 2.0 Tree Plantation, the initiative merges environmental responsibility with a heartfelt tribute to mothers—
Ek Ped Maa Ke Naam 2.0 Tree Plantation Drive Begins Strong in Jaipur
Ek Ped Maa Ke Naam 2.0 Tree Plantation campaign grew roots nationally after its launch on World Environment Day, targeting 10 crore tree plantings across India by September 2025.
In Jaipur, the ECO Club of DAV Centenary Public School led a vibrant drive on 31 July 2025, aligned with this national mission and guided by Principal Shri A.K. Sharma.
Why Ek Ped Maa Ke Naam 2.0 Tree Plantation Matters Nationally
Under the banner of Ek Ped Maa Ke Naam 2.0 Tree Plantation, the initiative merges environmental responsibility with a heartfelt tribute to mothers—and aligns with national goals:
- 10 crore trees to be planted by schools and communities by September 2025.
- Schools integrate the campaign via the Eco Clubs for Mission LiFE portal and microsite, allowing students to upload selfies with their saplings and receive e-certificates.
- The aim: nurture emotional, social & environmental values among students while boosting green cover across India.
Powerful Moments at DAV Centenary Public School, Jaipur
On 31 July, DAV Centenary Public School, Vaishali Nagar, Jaipur, organized an enthusiastic tree plantation drive in sync with the national campaign.
- Students brought over 150 saplings—flowering, fruit-bearing, shade and medicinal varieties.
- Grand trees like Khejari, Karanj, Neem, Siris, Ashoka, Mango, Jamun, Amla were planted around the sports field; medicinal & ornamental species lined corridors and Shraddhanand Park.
- Principal Shri A.K. Sharma inaugurated the initiative by planting an Ashoka sapling, setting a motivational tone for the event.
Symbolism & Participation: Honouring Mothers Through Trees
In this Ek Ped Maa Ke Naam 2.0 Tree Plantation drive, every student tagged their sapling with a message:
“Yeh ped meri maa ke naam” and a personal note promoting environmental care.
This symbolic gesture connects maternal tribute with ecological stewardship—honouring mothers while nurturing Mother Earth.
Local Impact: Eco Club & Student Engagement
The DAV ECO Club orchestrated the event as part of the school’s Environment Week, featuring themed morning assemblies and documentary screenings for Classes VI to X.
Students pledged to care for their planted saplings—cementing responsibility and follow-through in protecting their green legacies.
Broader Eco‑Movement in Rajasthan & India
Rajasthan state’s Mission Hariyalo Rajasthan aims to plant 50 crore trees over five years, dovetailing with the national initiative. This year alone, 10 crore saplings will be planted, including 2.5 crore on Hariyali Teej.
Together, these drives signal a powerful green movement across communities, schools, and government agencies.
After the Saplings: Care, Monitoring & Sustainability
To ensure long-term impact, the campaign integrates:
- Use of the Microsite & Eco Clubs portal, where students upload photos and receive e-certificates, while data helps track progress at grassroots level.
- Eco Clubs across over 14.7 lakh schools upload and share their activities through dashboards in multiple languages; this strengthens accountability and participation continuity.
Why This Drives Hope & Change
The Ek Ped Maa Ke Naam 2.0 Tree Plantation drive at DAV Jaipur exemplifies how localized, symbolic acts—planting a tree for one’s mother—can integrate with national environmental missions.
Through unity of sentiment (honouring mothers) and action (community plantation), the campaign fosters a generation of green ambassadors committed to sustainable living and climate resilience.
Accident
Beijing flooding deaths surge as storms devastate capital

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China, July29,2025:Rain began on July 23, intensifying through to July 28. The mountainous northern districts of Beijing, especially Miyun
Beijing flooding deaths, The immediate toll
In a single week of torrential storms, Beijing flooding deaths reached at least 30 confirmed fatalities, including 28 in Miyun district and 2 in Yanqing.
Neighboring Hebei province saw additional fatalities due to landslides—raising the regional toll to 38.
When and where the rains struck hardest
Rain began on July 23, intensifying through to July 28. The mountainous northern districts of Beijing, especially Miyun, were worst hit, recording 543 mm of rain—nearly the city’s annual total—in just days.
In Huairou, 95.3 mm fell in one hour.
Rescue efforts & political direction
President Xi Jinping issued urgent orders for “all‑out” search and rescue efforts, focusing on both Beijing and surrounding provinces like Hebei, Jilin, and Shandong – where heavy casualties and damage were reported. Premier Li Qiang called for escalated emergency response for Miyun in particular.
Infrastructure damage & widespread outages
More than 130 villages lost power, roads were washed away, communications lines failed, and over 30 road segments were damaged. In Taishitun town, uprooted trees, flooded roads, and submerged vehicles created scenes of mayhem.
Evacuations and regional impact
Authorities evacuated over 80,000 residents across Beijing, with about 17,000 in Miyun alone. Public transport was suspended, tourist sites closed, and local governments advised residents to stay indoors until the alerts are lifted.
Landslides in Hebei added at least 4 additional deaths and left 8 people missing.
Historical floods compared
The July 2025 floods rival the 2012 Beijing flood, which killed 79 people, destroyed homes, and inflicted ~$1.6 billion in damage. That event saw 460 mm of rain in Fangshan within 20 hours, setting records. The current event, while shorter, reached nearly annual rainfall in just a few days.
What caused such extreme rainfall?
Meteorologists cite topography trapping warm, humid air over northern Beijing, amplified by a northbound typhoon’s influence. This dynamic produced intense precipitation—up to 80–90% of annual totals in only days. The effect turned Beijing into a literal rain “trap”. Scientists warn such extreme weather is part of a broader climate trend.
Environment
China’s $167 Billion Hydropower Dam Sparks Major India, Bangladesh Concerns: 5 Key Impacts

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China, July22,2025:The China Hydropower Dam project, as envisioned, will surpass even the famed Three Gorges Dam.
China’s Dam Ambitions
China Hydropower Dam plans are again raising eyebrows globally. With the groundbreaking ceremony recently led by Chinese Premier Li Qiang, China has begun construction on the world’s largest hydropower dam in Tibet’s Nyingchi region — near the sensitive India-China border.
Named the Motuo Hydropower Station, this $167 billion infrastructure project could reshape South Asia’s water dynamics and cause downstream disruptions affecting millions in India and Bangladesh.
World’s Largest Hydropower Project
The China Hydropower Dam project, as envisioned, will surpass even the famed Three Gorges Dam — currently the world’s biggest in terms of energy output. Once operational, it’s expected to generate three times more electricity than the Three Gorges.
Located on the Yarlung Tsangpo river (known as the Brahmaputra in India), the project includes five cascade-style hydropower stations, tapping the river’s steep gradient for maximum output.
This ambitious dam was first hinted at in China’s 14th Five-Year Plan, and President Xi Jinping’s 2021 visit to Tibet solidified the political will behind it.
Quick Facts:
- Cost: 1.2 trillion yuan (~$167 billion)
- Power Output: Estimated to be triple of the Three Gorges Dam
- Location: Nyingchi Prefecture, near Arunachal Pradesh border
- Completion Target: Unknown, but early construction has begun
Environmental Concerns Around the Dam
While the China Hydropower Dam promises clean energy and reduced carbon reliance, environmentalists are sounding alarms.
Environmental Risks:
- Displacement of Tibetan communities in biodiversity-rich zones
- Flooding of deep valleys, some of the world’s most ecologically diverse
- Increased seismic risk — the region lies in a high-risk earthquake zone
Even though Chinese authorities claim the project prioritizes “ecological harmony,” satellite images and media reports point to disregard for local consultation, with protesters detained in previous hydropower disputes.
Strategic Risks to India and Bangladesh
The China Hydropower Dam is not just an environmental issue — it’s a geopolitical flashpoint.
The Yarlung Tsangpo flows from Tibet into Arunachal Pradesh (India) as the Siang, then becomes the Brahmaputra in Assam, and finally enters Bangladesh as the Jamuna.
India’s Concerns:
- China could control water flows, affecting agriculture and drinking water
- Potential use of the dam as a “water bomb” — sudden water releases could devastate lower areas
- Security threats in Arunachal Pradesh, a region China claims as “South Tibet”
In a recent interview, Arunachal CM Pema Khandu said:
“If China suddenly releases water, the Siang region could be annihilated. It’s an existential threat.”
India’s Ministry of External Affairs in January 2025 expressed formal concerns and demanded transparency and consultation, but Beijing maintains that it has the right to exploit Tibetan rivers.
Local and International Reactions
India:
- Arunachal Pradesh politicians warned of strategic manipulation of river flow
- Congress Party criticized the Modi government’s silence
- Assam CM Himanta Biswa Sarma downplayed fears, claiming 70% of Brahmaputra’s flow originates within India
Bangladesh:
- Sent a formal letter to China requesting project details
- Worried about freshwater availability and flooding during monsoons
Experts Speak:
A Lowy Institute report warned in 2020 that:
“Control over Tibetan rivers gives China significant leverage over India’s economy.”
Hydro-politics is now emerging as a new battleground in already tense India-China relations.
What Lies Ahead? India’s Counter Strategy
India isn’t sitting idle. The Indian government has initiated its own hydropower project on the Siang River to regulate downstream flow and safeguard against China’s water policies.
India’s Dam Strategy:
- Proposed multi-billion rupee dam in Arunachal Pradesh
- Objective: Flood prevention, energy generation, and water security
- Part of a broader effort to establish riparian resilience
Environmental groups in India, however, caution against reactive dam-building, urging for diplomatic water-sharing agreements instead.
A Turning Point in River Diplomacy
The China Hydropower Dam project is a landmark engineering feat — but also a litmus test for regional cooperation in transboundary river governance.
With India and Bangladesh raising concerns, the world watches closely as water becomes an increasingly strategic resource. What was once a tool for development may soon evolve into a geopolitical weapon if transparent, equitable frameworks aren’t put in place.
For now, the Motuo Hydropower Station symbolizes both China’s clean energy ambition and a potential fault line in South Asia’s fragile river diploma
Business
US- Mexico Water Dispute with US: 81-Year Deal Sparks Tension Amid Worst Drought

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USA, July19,2025: The 1944 water treaty between the US and Mexico outlines how the Rio Grande and Colorado River waters are shared:
Table of Contents
- The Mexico Water Dispute in 2025
- Drought Hits Northern Mexico: Faith and Fear in the Air
- The 1944 US-Mexico Water Treaty Explained
- How Much Water Is Mexico Obliged to Send?
- Texas Farmers Cry Foul Over Shortage
- Clashes, Deaths, and Diplomatic Friction
- The Irrigation Debate: Efficiency vs. Tradition
- Mexico’s New Approach: Sprinklers and Strategy
- Is the 1944 Treaty Still Relevant in 2025?
- Environmental Impact: A Dying Lake and Lost Livelihoods
- Conclusion: Prayers, Politics, and the Price of Water
The Mexico Water Dispute in 2025
The Mexico water dispute with the United States has reached boiling point, quite literally. Amid one of the worst droughts in decades, northern Mexico is experiencing a severe water crisis that has exposed fault lines in an 81-year-old treaty.
With water levels plunging at La Boquilla Dam and tensions rising across the border, both nations are standing on the edge of an environmental and diplomatic standoff.
Drought Hits Northern Mexico: Faith and Fear in the Air
In the sun-scorched town of San Francisco de Conchos, Chihuahua, prayers have become a daily ritual. Locals are gathering at the dry banks of the La Boquilla Dam, once submerged under Lake Toronto, now cracked and bleached.
The local priest leads a somber crowd of farmers in prayer, including Rafael Betans, a volunteer who has monitored the lake for 35 years. Standing on the dry, white rocks that were once underwater, he says, “This entire area should be under water.”
The 1944 US-Mexico Water Treaty Explained
The 1944 water treaty between the US and Mexico outlines how the Rio Grande and Colorado River waters are shared:
- Mexico must deliver 430 million cubic meters of water annually to the U.S. from the Rio Grande.
- In return, the U.S. sends 1.85 billion cubic meters of water from the Colorado River to Mexico.
- Shared reservoirs and dams, like Amistad and La Boquilla, are monitored and regulated by the International Boundary and Water Commission (IBWC).
This treaty was created in an era before climate change, rapid population growth, and intensive farming methods. Yet it remains the backbone of US-Mexico water relations.
How Much Water Is Mexico Obliged to Send?
Currently, Mexico is behind on its payments. The country owes around 1.5 billion cubic meters of water—an amount that’s caused political uproar, especially in Texas.
To start making up for the shortfall, Mexico recently released 75 million cubic meters through the Amistad dam—but that’s just 5% of what’s owed.

Texas Farmers Cry Foul Over Shortage
On the other side of the border, in Texas’s Rio Grande Valley, farmers like Bryan Jones are watching their crops wilt. A fourth-generation grower, Jones says he has only been able to irrigate half his farmland in the past three years.
“We’re not asking for anything more than what the treaty promises,” he says. “But Mexico hasn’t delivered. They’re storing the water, using it for their own crops, and leaving us dry.”
Clashes, Deaths, and Diplomatic Friction
Tensions over water have even turned deadly. In September 2020, Mexican farmers clashed with national guards at the La Boquilla dam, trying to prevent water diversion. Two people were killed.
Now, the rhetoric is heating up again. Former President Donald Trump posted on Truth Social accusing Mexico of “stealing water” and threatening tariffs or sanctions unless they repay their water debt.
Meanwhile, newly elected Mexican President Claudia Sheinbaum has acknowledged the crisis but insists Mexico is doing its best under difficult circumstances.
The Irrigation Debate: Efficiency vs. Tradition
Adding fuel to the Mexico water dispute is a major debate about irrigation efficiency.
Chihuahua’s two main crops—walnuts and alfalfa—are both water-thirsty. Walnut trees alone need 250 liters per day per tree.
Traditional irrigation systems flood fields using open channels, wasting thousands of liters daily.
Mexico’s New Approach: Sprinklers and Strategy
Some Mexican farmers, like former mayor Jaime Ramírez, are adapting. He has installed modern sprinkler systems that reduce water use by up to 60%, maintaining productivity while conserving resources.
“Yes, it costs more upfront,” Ramírez admits, “but over time, it’s cheaper. It saves water, energy, and ensures we can keep farming even in dry years.”
Still, not everyone can afford this technology. And as Ramírez warns, “If we don’t get rain this year, next year we might only have enough water for people to drink—not for farming.”
Is the 1944 Treaty Still Relevant in 2025?
In Mexico, many argue that the 1944 water treaty no longer reflects present-day realities. The agreement was made when both nations had smaller populations, fewer farms, and no climate crisis.
Ramírez says, “It worked then. But today, with droughts and climate change, it needs updating.”
But Texans like Jones disagree. “The treaty worked when my grandfather was farming. Mexico has broken the trust. That’s the problem.”
Environmental Impact: A Dying Lake and Lost Livelihoods
Beyond farming, the dropping water levels are damaging Lake Toronto’s fragile ecosystem. Rafael Betans says water is evaporating faster than ever, endangering fish and aquatic life.
The once-thriving tourism around the lake—fishing, boating, and wildlife spotting—is now virtually dead.
“We’ve never seen it this bad,” says Betans. “Now we just pray for rain.”
Prayers, Politics, and the Price of Water
The Mexico water dispute with the United States is a ticking time bomb, driven by drought, outdated treaties, and competing survival needs.
While politicians argue and farmers struggle, nature continues its slow collapse. Climate change is making old rules obsolete, and unless both countries renegotiate with sustainability and science at the forefront, the conflict will only deepen.
Water, once a symbol of life, has become a weapon of politics.
Education
Talk on Environmental Awareness at DAV Centenary Public School, Jaipur

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Jaipur, July16,2025
An impactful and enlightening Talk on Environmental Awareness was organized on 15th July 2025 at the auditorium of DAV Centenary Public School, Jaipur, for the students of Classes VII and VIII.
The guest speaker, Ms. Ami Sharma, an esteemed alumna of DAV CPS and a joint Ph.D. researcher at IIT Delhi and the University of Queensland, shared her deep insights on air and plastic pollution in urban environments. Ms. Sharma is also the Founding President of SIPAA and an active volunteer with Paryavaran Sanrakshan Gatividhi, working globally for environmental preservation.

During her highly engaging and interactive session, Ms. Sharma urged students to adopt simple yet effective practices in their daily lives—such as avoiding single-use plastics (like polybags and tissues), saving water, and following a strict ‘no wastage’ policy. She shed light on the alarming consequences of plastic pollution and emphasized the urgent need to shift toward sustainable living.
Adding to the message, Principal Mr. A.K. Sharma addressed the gathering and inspired students to become eco-warriors in their homes and communities. He encouraged them to replace plastic bags with cloth alternatives, and to conserve water and electricity as part of their routine.
The session left a strong impression on the young minds. Students found the talk relatable and thought-provoking, and many expressed eagerness to actively participate in environmental conservation activities. Inspired by Ms. Sharma’s passion and dedication, they pledged to make eco-friendly choices and spread awareness among their peers and families.
Environment
Literature and Environment Are Both Sources of Sensitivity”Tree is Life: Grand Celebration of ‘Ek Ped – Sampark Ke Naam’ and Poetry Recitation on Environment

Jaipur, July 14,2025
A Heartfelt Environmental and Literary Initiative by Sampark Sansthan Receives Overwhelming Response at Gyan Vihar School Campus Jaipur.
The joint initiative of Sampark Sansthan and Gyan Vihar School, titled ‘Ek Ped – Sampark Ke Naam’, along with an environmental poetry recital, turned out to be a meaningful confluence of ecological awareness and literary sensibility. Students, teachers, poets, and social workers participated in the event with deep enthusiasm and emotional engagement.
Welcoming everyone, Sampark Sansthan President Anil Ladha remarked,
“This is not just an event, it’s an attempt to connect life and society through tree plantation. We want every individual to nurture a tree as lovingly as they would nurture a relationship.”
Dr. Ritvij Gaur (Principal), present as a special guest, emphasized in his speech,
“Trees are the foundation of our culture and survival. Teaching children to emotionally connect with nature through tree planting is the need of the hour.”

Sampark Sansthan General Secretary and Coordinator Renu ‘Shabdmukhar’ touched hearts with her words,
“This initiative aims to instill in students a sense of responsibility and the spirit of coexisting with trees. When nature and poetry walk together, society becomes truly awakened.”
Veteran poet Prof. Prabodh Govil inspired the audience, stating,
“Literature and environment are both profound sources of human sensitivity.”
Renowned writer Dr. Jayshree Sharma added,
“Trees don’t just give us oxygen, they teach us life values. A poem, a plant, and a thought — these can together change the world.”
Inspiring the young generation, senior poet Anshu Harsh quoted,
“When you walk ahead, many will follow.”
Usha Rastogi’s positive presence brought an energetic vibe to the event.
Program Coordinator Himadri Samarth expressed that,
“No matter what name we give to the campaign, the aim remains the same – to protect the environment.”
He concluded by thanking all the distinguished guests for their participation and support.
The event was beautifully hosted by Seema Walia, whose graceful voice, articulate language, and emotional tone left a lasting impact on everyone present.
The active participation of Gyan Vihar students made the event truly vibrant. When tiny hands touched the soil and planted saplings, it was more than an activity — it became a symbol of emotional bonding with nature.
Students like Charul, along with senior poets — Dr. Neelam Kalra, Renu Shabdmukhar, Himadri, Dr. Kanchana Saxena, Sonal Sharma, Dr. Anju Saxena, Avinash Joshi, Dr. Punita Soni, Kavita Mathur, S. Bhagyam, Rao Shivraj, Dr. Deepali, Vijayalakshmi, Sushila Sharma, Sushma Sharma, Meena Jain, Mahesh Sharma, and Nisha Jha — delivered powerful poetic performances centered on environmental consciousness. The students not only listened but also absorbed the essence of literature as a tool for raising awareness about nature.
The event sent a strong message — if the young generation connects with nature today, the future will be safe, beautiful, and full of hope.
Delhi/NCR
GRAP 4 in Delhi: Essential Guide to New Restrictions and Allowances

Contents
As air quality in Delhi-NCR reaches alarming levels, the Commission for Air Quality Management (CAQM) has activated Stage 4 of the Graded Response Action Plan (GRAP 4) effective from November 18, 2024. This comprehensive set of measures aims to combat the severe pollution crisis that has gripped the region, with the Air Quality Index (AQI) soaring to unprecedented heights. In this article, we will explore what is banned and what remains allowed under these new regulations.
The Context: Why GRAP 4 Was Implemented
The decision to enforce GRAP 4 comes as Delhi’s AQI escalated to a staggering 483, categorizing it within the ‘severe plus’ range. This situation has prompted urgent action to mitigate health risks associated with poor air quality, which can lead to serious respiratory issues and other health problems for residents. The CAQM‘s proactive measures are aimed at curbing emissions and improving overall air quality in the national capital.
Key Restrictions Under GRAP 4
The GRAP 4 regulations consist of several critical restrictions designed to address the pollution crisis effectively. Here’s a breakdown of what is now banned:
1. Ban on Construction Activities
All construction and demolition activities are suspended across Delhi-NCR. This includes:
- Public infrastructure projects: Such as highways, roads, flyovers, power transmission lines, pipelines, and telecommunication work.
- Private construction: All residential and commercial construction projects are also halted.
This ban aims to reduce dust and emissions generated by construction activities, which significantly contribute to air pollution.
2. Vehicle Restrictions
The new rules impose strict limitations on vehicle entry into Delhi:
- Diesel-powered vehicles: Medium and heavy goods vehicles registered as BS-IV or lower are banned unless they are transporting essential goods.
- Non-essential light commercial vehicles: These are prohibited from entering Delhi unless they operate on cleaner fuels such as CNG or are electric vehicles.
- Truck entry: Only trucks carrying essential items or using clean fuel (LNG/CNG/BS-VI diesel/electric) can enter the city.
3. School Operations
In light of the deteriorating air quality, physical classes for students in grades 6 through 9 and Class 11 have been shifted online. Only students in Classes 10 and 12 may continue attending physical classes. This measure is intended to protect younger students from exposure to harmful air pollutants.
4. Work-from-Home Recommendations
The CAQM has advised offices in the National Capital Region (NCR) to operate at reduced capacity—50% of employees working from home—to minimize commuting-related emissions. Central government employees may also be encouraged to adopt work-from-home arrangements during this critical period.
Also read : Delhi Chokes Under Toxic Smog for Second Day: AQI Soars Past 400, Residents Face Severe Health Risks
What Is Allowed Under GRAP 4?
Despite the stringent restrictions, certain activities remain permissible under GRAP 4:
1. Essential Services
- Vehicles transporting essential goods or providing emergency services are exempt from the vehicle restrictions.
- Construction activities related to critical infrastructure projects like metro rail systems and hospitals may continue.
2. Public Transport
Public transport services remain operational, encouraging residents to utilize buses and metro services instead of personal vehicles.
3. Health Precautions
Residents are advised to take necessary health precautions when outdoors, including wearing masks and limiting outdoor activities, especially during peak pollution hours.
Navigating Life Under GRAP 4

As Delhi grapples with severe air pollution levels, the implementation of GRAP Stage 4 represents a crucial step towards safeguarding public health and improving air quality. While many activities face restrictions, it is essential for residents to adapt by utilizing available resources such as public transport and online education options.
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