Tianjin, Sep.12,2025:The SCO Development Bank is emerging as one of the most talked-about financial institutions on the global stage. At a time when geopolitical tensions are high and nations are seeking alternatives to Western-dominated financial systems, this new initiative has the potential to reshape the global order.

Born out of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO), the bank is not just another multilateral financial body—it symbolizes the growing desire of Eurasian nations to reduce dependence on the US dollar and create a multipolar world economy.

What is the SCO Development Bank

The SCO Development Bank is a proposed multilateral financial institution backed by China, Russia, and other SCO member nations. Its core mission is to provide infrastructure financing, boost trade, and create a stable financial alternative to Western-controlled institutions such as the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund (IMF).

According to Chinese officials, the bank will serve as a “new platform for multilateral cooperation” and will provide funds for roads, energy pipelines, hydropower plants, and cross-border transport projects.

A Decade in the Making

The idea of an SCO Development Bank was first floated by China in 2010. However, it faced resistance, especially from Russia, which preferred expanding its own Eurasian Development Bank (EDB).

Momentum picked up after 2022, when Western sanctions on Russia over the Ukraine war created urgency for alternative financial structures. By mid-2025, SCO leaders reached a “political consensus” to establish the bank, and during the Tianjin summit (August–September 2025), the plan was officially approved.

The Geopolitical Shift Behind the Bank

The launch of the SCO Development Bank comes at a critical juncture. Western financial sanctions against Russia, coupled with global dollar dominance, have triggered calls for financial sovereignty in Eurasia.

For China, the bank supports its Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), strengthening trade routes and supply chains across Eurasia. For Russia and Iran, both heavily sanctioned, the bank provides a much-needed lifeline to bypass Western systems.

How SCO Development Bank Differs from BRICS Bank

Although comparisons with the BRICS New Development Bank (NDB) are inevitable, the SCO Development Bank has unique characteristics:

• Stronger focus on Central Asia (Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan).
• Direct alignment with Belt and Road corridors.
• Higher emphasis on energy, transport, and connectivity projects.
• Potential headquarters in Central Asia, rather than China, to show inclusivity.

Ways SCO Development Bank Could Reshape Global Finance

1. Boosting Infrastructure in Resource-Rich Nations

Countries like Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, and Kyrgyzstan are rich in natural resources but lack financing for infrastructure. The SCO Development Bank could provide capital for pipelines, mining projects, and hydropower plants.

2. Reducing Dollar Dependency

One of the bank’s main goals is to cut reliance on the US dollar. By encouraging settlements in Chinese yuan (renminbi) and local currencies, it could slowly weaken the dominance of Western currencies.

3. Expanding China’s Belt and Road Initiative

Through financing highways, railways, and ports, the SCO Development Bank will strengthen China’s BRI and cement its economic leadership in Eurasia.

4. Supporting Sanctioned States Like Russia and Iran

For Russia and Iran, both hit by Western sanctions, this bank provides a financial shield. It allows them to borrow, invest, and trade without relying on Western institutions.

5. Financing Energy and Transport Corridors

Energy pipelines, electricity grids, and transport networks across Eurasia could be financed directly, ensuring energy security and trade expansion.

6. Attracting New Members from Asia and Africa

Analysts predict that countries in Southeast Asia and Africa could seek membership, making the SCO Development Bank a global South powerhouse.

7. Promoting Multipolar Global Order

Above all, the bank symbolizes the push for a multipolar financial system—one where no single power dominates.

Challenges Facing SCO Development Bank

Despite its promise, the SCO Development Bank faces hurdles-

• Diverging interests of China, Russia, and India.
• Risk of US sanctions or trade retaliation.
• Ensuring credibility and transparency in lending.
• Competition with BRICS Bank and AIIB (Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank).

India’s Ambivalent Stance

India’s position on the SCO Development Bank remains cautious. While New Delhi supports multilateralism, it is wary of China’s dominance and fears antagonizing the US.

Analysts argue India may prefer to focus on bilateral infrastructure deals rather than fully embrace the bank.

The US and Western Response

The US views the SCO Development Bank as a direct challenge to its financial supremacy. Washington has in the past threatened tariffs and sanctions on countries that attempt to bypass the dollar system. Similar reactions could be expected if the SCO Bank grows rapidly.

Can SCO Bank Redefine Global Finance

The SCO Development Bank has the potential to become a transformative institution. By reducing dollar dependency, boosting regional connectivity, and supporting sanctioned economies, it could usher in a new financial era.

However, its success will depend on member unity, governance transparency, and resilience against Western pushback.

The creation of the SCO Development Bank marks a historic moment in global finance. More than just a financial body, it represents a broader vision—healing the financial divides of Eurasia and honouring the economic roles of emerging powers.

If implemented effectively, this institution could tilt the balance of global finance away from unilateral dominance toward a fairer, multipolar world order.

New Delhi, Sep.12,2025:Retail Inflation in India has once again made headlines, with the government releasing fresh data for August 2025. The figures reveal that consumer prices have risen slightly, sparking debates on whether Indian households will continue to feel the pinch in the coming months.

According to official data, the Consumer Price Index (CPI)-based retail inflation rose to 2.07% in August, compared to 1.55% in July. While this increase remains within the Reserve Bank of India’s (RBI) comfort zone of 2–6%, it highlights worrying trends in food and fuel prices.

What Is Retail Inflation in India

Retail inflation in India is measured by the Consumer Price Index (CPI). It tracks the change in prices of essential goods and services such as food, fuel, clothing, and housing.

• A moderate inflation rate indicates a stable economy.
• Higher inflation, however, reduces purchasing power and impacts household savings.

For a deeper understanding of CPI, you can check the RBI’s official CPI definition.

Official Data for August 2025

The government’s data shows:

• CPI Inflation in August 2025: 2.07%
• CPI Inflation in July 2025: 1.55%
• Food Inflation: from -1.76% in July to -0.69% in August

The data confirms that the rise in vegetable and pulse prices played a major role in pushing up retail inflation in India.

Why Did Retail Inflation in India Rise

Food Price Surge

Vegetables and pulses saw a sharp price rise due to:

• Excess rainfall damaging crops
• Lower-than-expected agricultural output
• Higher demand during the festive season

Fuel and Oil Prices

Global crude oil prices have risen significantly, raising transportation and energy costs. This has had a cascading effect on essential commodities.

Impact of Monsoon and Supply Chains

Heavy rains disrupted supply chains, especially in states like Maharashtra, Karnataka, and Uttar Pradesh. This created shortages in local markets, pushing retail prices upward.

The Numbers Explained

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) basket is made up of several components:

(Source: Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation – MOSPI)

Impact on Households and Daily Expenses

The slight rise in retail inflation in India has already been felt by middle-class families:

• Household budgets stretched due to higher vegetable and cooking oil prices.
• Transportation and LPG cylinder costs increased.
• Dining out and packaged food prices saw small hikes.

For many households, even a 0.5% increase in food inflation significantly affects monthly expenses.

RBI’s Reaction and Monetary Policy Outlook

The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has kept its inflation target between 2% and 6%.

• With inflation at 2.07%, RBI is unlikely to change interest rates in the short term.
• However, policymakers are keeping a close watch on global oil prices and domestic food supply trends.

For more updates, visit the RBI monetary policy page.

Expert Opinions on Inflation Trends

Economists believe-

• Short-term inflation will remain moderate but volatile.
• If rainfall continues to disrupt supply, food inflation may rise further.
• Global oil prices are the biggest risk factor for India’s inflation stability.

Global Factors Influencing Retail Inflation in India

Several global trends are shaping India’s inflation outlook:

1. Oil Prices: Brent crude recently crossed $90 per barrel.
2. Geopolitical tensions: Conflicts and trade restrictions affect global supply chains.
3. Currency fluctuations: A weaker rupee makes imports more expensive.

Will Inflation Ease or Rise Further

The road ahead for retail inflation in India depends on:

• The impact of the ongoing monsoon season.
• Global energy markets.
• Domestic demand during the festival season.

If food supply stabilizes and oil prices ease, inflation may remain under control. But any shock to global oil or agriculture could push inflation back above 3–4%.

The latest data confirms that retail inflation in India rose slightly to 2.07% in August 2025. While still within the RBI’s comfort zone, the rise in food and fuel prices is a reminder of how vulnerable the Indian economy remains to external shocks and climate-related disruptions.

For Indian households, this means carefully planning budgets and preparing for possible price hikes in essentials. Policymakers, on the other hand, must stay alert to ensure inflation remains under control without stalling economic growth.

Mumbai, Sep.12,2025:Kishore Kumar, born Abhas Kumar Ganguly on August 4, 1929, in Khandwa, Madhya Pradesh, belonged to a family where art and intellect thrived. His father, Kunjalal Ganguly, was a lawyer, and his mother, Gouri Devi, a homemaker.

He was the youngest among four siblings Ashok Kumar (the great Hindi film actor), Anoop Kumar, and sister Sati Devi. From childhood, Kishore admired K.L. Sahgal, often imitating his singing style. This passion eventually transformed into a destiny that would change Indian music forever.

The Beginning of a Career in Films (1948–1954)

While Kishore dreamed of becoming a singer, destiny first pushed him into acting. His elder brother Ashok Kumar, already a superstar, opened doors for him in films. In 1948, Kishore Kumar lent his voice as a playback singer for the film Ziddi.

Though music was his true calling, he stepped into acting with supporting roles in films during the early 1950s. His comic timing, unconventional style, and natural charm began to draw attention, setting him apart from his contemporaries.

Rise as an Actor and Singer (1954–1965)

The turning point came with Naukri (1954), where he was recognized as a serious actor. Soon, films like New Delhi (1956), Musafir (1957), and Chalti Ka Naam Gaadi (1958) established him as a beloved comedian-actor.

In 1961, Kishore Kumar created history by producing, directing, acting, composing, and singing for Jhumroo. His 1964 film Door Gagan Ki Chhaon Mein showcased his sensitive side as a filmmaker.

By the mid-1960s, his dual identity as a singer-actor flourished. He was no longer just Ashok Kumar’s younger brother—he had become Kishore Kumar, the legendary singer in his own right.

The Golden Era of Kishore Kumar’s Music (1965–1980)

The golden phase of Kishore Kumar’s career began with the 1969 film Aradhana. The film’s music, composed by S.D. Burman, featured Kishore’s unforgettable tracks like Roop Tera Mastana and Mere Sapno Ki Rani.

His association with superstar Rajesh Khanna became iconic—Kishore lent his voice to 91 films for him, creating an immortal duo. Songs such as Pal Pal Dil Ke Paas, Chingari Koi Bhadke, and Pyaar Deewana Hota Hai remain evergreen classics.

During the 1970s, Kishore was the voice of Bollywood’s leading men, from Rajesh Khanna to Amitabh Bachchan. His duets with Lata Mangeshkar and Asha Bhosle added sparkle to Hindi cinema’s golden era.

Direction and Creative Experiments (1970–1985)

Not satisfied with being just a singer or actor, Kishore Kumar also experimented with filmmaking. His films like Door Ka Rahi (1971) and Badhti Ka Naam Daadi (1974) reflected his quirky creativity.

He was also among the first Indian singers to embrace electronic instruments, giving Bollywood a fresh sound palette. His innovation bridged the gap between traditional melodies and modern music styles.

Personal Life and Relationships

Kishore Kumar’s personal life was as colorful as his career. He married four times:

1. Ruma Guha Thakurta (1950–1958) – mother of his son Amit Kumar.
2. Madhubala (1960–1969) – the most talked-about chapter of his life; Madhubala’s illness and tragic death deeply affected him.
3. Yogita Bali (1976–1978).
4. Leena Chandavarkar (1980–1987) – mother of his younger son Sumit Kumar, with whom he spent his final years.

Despite professional highs, Kishore often faced loneliness and heartbreak in his personal life.

The Final Years and Sudden Demise (1986–1987)

Even in the 1980s, Kishore Kumar remained Bollywood’s top singer. His hits like Humein Tumse Pyaar Kitna (Kudrat) and Pag Ghungroo Bandh (Namak Halaal) showcased his unmatched versatility.

Tragically, on October 13, 1987, Kishore suffered a fatal heart attack. He was planning to retire and return to his hometown Khandwa, but fate had other plans. His death left the nation in shock, marking the end of an era.

Everlasting Legacy of a Legendary Singer

Kishore Kumar’s influence transcends generations. He wasn’t just a singer—he was a complete entertainer: actor, composer, director, producer, and even lyricist.

Even today, his songs dominate playlists, reality shows, and Bollywood retrospectives. His name is synonymous with playback singing excellence in India.

Kishore Kumar’s Iconic Films and Songs by Decade

1950s – Acting and Early Singing

• Naukri (1954), New Delhi (1956), Musafir (1957), Chalti Ka Naam Gaadi (1958)
• Songs: Ek Ladki Bheegi Bhaagi Si, Haal-e-Dil Hamara Samajhiye

1960s – Comedy and Experiments

• Jhumroo (1961), Half Ticket (1962), Manmauji (1962), Padosan (1968)
• Songs: Mere Samne Wali Khidki Mein, Ek Chatur Naar

1970s – Golden Voice Era

• Door Ka Rahi (1971), Aavishkar (1974)
• Songs: Zindagi Ek Safar Hai Suhana, Pal Pal Dil Ke Paas, Chingari Koi Bhadke

1980s – Continued Popularity

• Songs: Humein Tumse Pyaar Kitna, Pag Ghungroo Bandh, Sagar Kinare Dil Ye Pukare

Records, Contributions, and Famous Dialogues

• Sang in 91 films for Rajesh Khanna – a record in itself.
• Recorded 327 duets with Lata Mangeshkar.
• Favorite of composers like R.D. Burman, Gulzar, and Laxmikant-Pyarelal.
• Introduced innovative use of electronic instruments in Bollywood music.

Memorable Dialogues

• Chalti Ka Naam Gaadi (1958): “This car isn’t ordinary; it’s my life!”
• Padosan (1968): “Bholaram vs Ramesh Babu, the law will decide!”
• Half Ticket (1962): “I’m a child—you can’t catch me!”

Kishore Kumar’s life was a mixture of laughter, music, pain, and glory. A legendary singer who defined Bollywood’s golden era, he continues to inspire artists and music lovers alike. His voice lives on, making him an immortal figure in the world of Indian cinema.

New Delhi, Sep.11,2025:Vote theft proof by Rahul Gandhi came into the spotlight again on 11 September 2025, when Rahul Gandhi, Leader of the Opposition in the Lok Sabha, announced that he has “dynamic, explosive proof” of widespread electoral fraud. He claimed that the slogan “vote chor, gaddi chhod” is now echoing throughout India, indicating public sentiment that votes are being stolen.

Gandhi says governments were formed via stolen votes in states such as Maharashtra, Haryana, and Karnataka, and he guarantees more evidence will be presented soon. He also used a striking metaphor: that a “hydrogen bomb” will “clear everything,” meaning his evidence will leave no shadows.

What led to the Vote Theft allegations

Previous claims and examples

Rahul Gandhi’s vote theft narrative began earlier, asserting irregularities in the preparation and revision of electoral rolls. He pointed particularly to Mahadevapura Assembly constituency in Karnataka, alleging duplicate entries, invalid father names, house numbers missing, etc.

He also highlighted cases in Bihar, where during the Special Intensive Revision (SIR) of voter rolls, there were claims of names being removed. One case involved a person named Subodh Kumar, allegedly removed from draft rolls; the Election Commission of India (ECI) clarified that Kumar was never a voter but a booth-level agent.

Another case involved Ranju Devi, claimed by Gandhi to have been removed from the voter list, but ECI said her name was intact.

The Election Commission’s response so far

The ECI has repeatedly dismissed many of the claims as baseless or lacking formal structure. In several cases it has requested written declarations under oath per rule provisions, and asked Rahul Gandhi to submit documentary evidence or apologies where claims were made.

In one significant legal instance, the Madras High Court dismissed a PIL seeking directions for the ECI to investigate Rahul’s “vote chori” allegations, calling the plea vague and without material particulars. A cost of Rs 1 lakh was imposed on the petitioner.

Regions, evidence & slogans

 States cited

Rahul Gandhi has specifically named Maharashtra, Haryana, and Karnataka as states where elections were allegedly stolen through manipulation of electoral rolls or other means.

Types of evidence claimed

• He says Congress has already provided “black-and-white proof” of wrongdoings.
• Complaints of duplicate voter entries, irregular father-names, missing or invalid house numbers in voter list drafts.
• Video or social media content where voters claim they were either removed or misled about their voter-registration status.

Slogans & metaphors

• The slogan “Vote Chor, Gaddi Chhod” (which means “Vote thief, vacate your seat”) is being widely used by Rahul Gandhi and his supporters. He says it is “spreading like fire.”
• He uses strong metaphors like “hydrogen bomb” to emphasize the scale and impact of the evidence to come.

ECI, BJP and legal pushback

Election Commission of India (ECI)

• The ECI has demanded formal, sworn declarations or evidence when accusations are made. It has said without such formal proof the claims are not actionable.
• The ECI clarified in specific cases (like Subodh Kumar) that some persons are not registered voters, or no names were ever on the roll.

BJP’s counter

• BJP leaders have accused Rahul Gandhi and Congress of spreading misinformation and using these allegations to mobilize political support.
• They argue that such claims muddy public trust in democratic institutions.

Judicial / legal observations

• As noted, Madras High Court dismissed a PIL seeking ECI to clarify “vote theft” that lacked specific evidence. The court criticised the vagueness.
• There have been legal notices demanding Rahul Gandhi produce affidavits or evidence.

Protests, media, and public reaction

Protests & campaigns

• Congress has launched protests in states such as Rajasthan, with slogans “Vote Chor, Gaddi Chhod,” demanding transparency from the ECI.
• The “Vote Adhikar Yatra” and various public meetings are being organized, both to raise awareness and to press for evidence.

Media & public sentiment

• Media coverage is intense, with wide reporting on Rahul’s promise of “explosive proof,” speculation on what that evidence might be, and whether it will hold up legally.
• Some public discussion is supportive—people who feel disenfranchised or suspicious of electoral rolls are rallying behind the claims. Others are skeptical, calling for formal disclosures.

Political risk & strategy

• Rahul Gandhi’s strategy seems aimed at shifting public discourse, especially in states where elections were controversial or margins were thin.
• BJP and ECI’s responses reflect high stakes: dismissing too lightly could alienate voters; acknowledging could open legal or procedural scrutiny.

Implications for Indian democracy and elections

Trust in the electoral system

If the vote theft proof by Rahul Gandhi is substantiated, it could severely impact public trust in the Election Commission of India and the legitimacy of election outcomes.

Legal precedents

This could lead to more PILs, court cases, possibly revisiting results if irregularities are proven. The demand for evidence under oath suggests legal thresholds are important.

Electoral reforms & procedural changes

• There may be increased calls for use of paper ballots or stronger audit mechanisms, as already seen in some states pushing for paper ballots.
• Special Intensive Revision (SIR) of voter rolls may come under stricter oversight.

Political polarization and stability

• These claims contribute to political polarization—opposition vs ruling party, public vs establishment.
• The impact on voter morale, especially among youth, marginalized, or those who believe their votes don’t count, could be significant.

Timeline of promised disclosures

Vote theft proof by Rahul Gandhi is no longer just a political slogan—it has become a promise of major revelations. Whether those revelations will change the electoral landscape depends on the credibility, detail, and transparency of the evidence he presents.

For now, the allegations have stirred controversy, heightened scrutiny of the ECI and the ruling party, and raised profound questions of fairness in India’s democratic process.

Srinagar, Sep.11,2025:Sanjay Singh house arrest Srinagar came under intense scrutiny on 11 September 2025, when Aam Aadmi Party (AAP) Rajya Sabha MP Sanjay Singh claimed that he was confined to a government guest house in Srinagar, unable to leave. He alleges this occurred because he intended to lead a protest and hold a press conference against the detention of Mehraj Malik, the AAP MLA from Doda, under the Public Safety Act (PSA).

According to reports-

• Singh and MLA Imran Hussain were stopped from leaving the guest house. Police prevented them from addressing the press.
• Farooq Abdullah, former Chief Minister and president of the National Conference (NC), came to meet Sanjay Singh at the guest house. He was not allowed to enter; Singh attempted to scale the gate to communicate.
• Singh posted videos on X (formerly Twitter) showing locked gates, police presence, and that the guest house had become, in his words, “a police camp.” He described the situation as “very sad” and said the actions represented a suppression of democratic and free speech rights.

Legal grounds & PSA- Understanding the context

What is PSA

The Public Safety Act (PSA), 1978 is a law in Jammu & Kashmir (now Union Territory) that allows detention without trial for up to two years in some cases, often invoked for reasons of “public order” or when someone is allegedly engaging in activities prejudicial to security or stability.

Mehraj Malik, the AAP MLA from Doda, was detained under PSA, reportedly for alleged statements or actions viewed by authorities as derogatory or provocative.

Is “house arrest” legally declared?

An important detail is that while Sanjay Singh and others claim house arrest, there were no clear public orders cited stating that a formal “house arrest” or preventive detention was issued specifically for him.

Chief Minister Omar Abdullah questioned under what law or order Sanjay Singh was prevented from leaving the guest house. He asked whether any preventive detention or PSA order was served on Singh.

Reactions from Omar Abdullah & political leaders

Omar Abdullah’s condemnation

CM Omar Abdullah strongly condemned the alleged house arrest of Sanjay Singh. He emphasized:

• This is “not just a claim, but a reality.”
• Such actions send a worrying message for democracy in Jammu & Kashmir.
• He questioned the legality of both Mehraj Malik’s arrest under PSA and Singh being barred from moving out. According to him, if there is a complaint against Malik’s behavior, proper procedural channels (like Assembly Secretariat or Speaker) should be used instead of invoking PSA.

He also offered legal assistance to Mehraj Malik and urged AAP to appoint lawyers familiar with PSA law in J&K.

Political opposition & civil society

• AAP leaders described the situation as suppression of dissent. Sanjay Singh said that raising voice in a democracy is a constitutional right.
• Former CM Farooq Abdullah was involved but only able to communicate across a gate when blocked from entering the guest house.
• Other opposition parties also criticized the actions, describing them as undemocratic and harmful to trust in democratic institutions.

Voices from AAP, NC & civil society

Sanjay Singh’s perspective

Sanjay Singh claims:

• He was prevented from leaving the guest house.
• The guest house was converted into a “police camp.”
• He was not allowed to meet Farooq Abdullah, even though Abdullah came to meet him upon hearing of the alleged house arrest.
• He criticized what he saw as increasing authoritarian tendencies.

NC’s Farooq Abdullah

Farooq Abdullah attempted to meet Singh but was stopped at the gate. The visuals show him speaking from outside the locked gate. He expressed concern over suppression of opposition voices.

Public reactions & concerns

• Many citizens and political commentators see this as part of a pattern: the use of stringent laws (like PSA) against opposition leaders.
• Civil rights advocates are concerned that detaining elected representatives without transparent legal orders undermines trust in democratic institutions.

Democracy under question

Erosion of opposition rights

Using administrative tools or law enforcement to block opposition leaders from protest or speech can chill dissent — a key function in any democracy. If a Rajya Sabha MP cannot address public issues or meet senior leaders because of such restrictions, that’s a troubling precedent.

Legal transparency & rule of law

Legal systems demand clear orders and justifications. Questions like “Which law / PSA order / preventive detention order was used?” highlight necessity for transparency. Without that, actions seem arbitrary.

Public perception & governance narrative

Government often projects the message that Jammu & Kashmir is peaceful and stable. Incidents like this expose a contrast to that narrative, especially among local populations and observers.

What comes next

• AAP may pursue legal remedies—seeking clarity about what orders were issued, if any, and perhaps challenging the alleged house arrest in courts.
• Media and civil society will likely increase pressure to ensure that actions of authorities are subject to oversight.
• Monitoring whether similar restrictions are imposed on other opposition leaders will be important to track whether this becomes a pattern.

“Sanjay Singh house arrest Srinagar” is more than an allegation—it’s a flashpoint in the ongoing tension between state authority and democratic rights in Jammu & Kashmir. The incident raises urgent questions on legality, democracy, and whether constitutional rights are being preserved or suppressed. As legal, political, and public responses evolve, India’s democratic credentials in the region are once again under the spotlight.

New Delhi, Sep.11,2025:Alongside its reply to Switzerland, India also sharply criticized Pakistan. Tyagi labelled Pakistan as a “failed state” dependent on political propaganda, accusing it of harboring terror networks-

The opening salvo

India hits back at Switzerland with a stern, assertive response after Swiss remarks at the UN Human Rights Council (UNHRC) concerning minority rights, freedom of expression, and media freedom. What began as a diplomatic recommendation turned into a heated exchange, with India calling the comments “surprising, shallow and ill-informed.”

This response reflects India’s evolving posture on the global stage—a country no longer content to quietly absorb criticism, especially from foreign governments, but commanding attention and pushing back when it deems narratives misaligned with its self-image and its record.

What Switzerland said at the UNHRC

The Swiss delegate, Michael Meier, in his capacity during the 60th Session of the UNHRC, called on India to:

• “Take effective measures to protect minorities in India”;
• “Uphold freedom of expression and media rights.” These remarks formed part of a broader review in which Switzerland also expressed concern about human rights issues in other countries like Syria, Turkiye, and Serbia.

India’s rebuttal

India’s counter-response, delivered by Kshitij Tyagi, Counsellor in Permanent Mission of India at Geneva, was strong, multifaceted, and aimed at redirecting the narrative.

Racism, discrimination, xenophobia allegations against Switzerland

• India hit back by saying that Switzerland should focus on its own challenges, including racism, systematic discrimination, and xenophobia within its borders.
• Tyagi described the Swiss remarks as “surprising, shallow and ill-informed.” He suggested that, given Switzerland’s role as UNHRC president, the country should avoid narratives that misrepresent India’s reality.
• India’s image: Pluralism, democracy, ready to assist

• India emphasized that it is the world’s largest, most diverse and vibrant democracy, with a strong civilisational tradition of pluralism.
• In a somewhat unusual diplomatic move, India offered to assist Switzerland in addressing its own issues of racism, xenophobia and discrimination.

Response to Pakistan -“failed state” claims

• Alongside its reply to Switzerland, India also sharply criticized Pakistan. Tyagi labelled Pakistan as a “failed state” dependent on political propaganda, accusing it of harboring terror networks.
• India referenced past terror attacks (Pahalgam, Uri, Pathankot, Mumbai) and Bin Laden’s presence in Pakistan to underline its accusations.

netizens & media

• Social media in India responded loudly. Many praised India’s firm stance, calling it dignified, confident, and emblematic of what some are terming a more assertive “New India.”
• Indian media described the exchange as a diplomatic “clapback” or “slap of truths.” Some analysts see this as part of India’s pattern of resisting what it sees as biased criticism from the West or international forums.

Wider diplomatic implications

• Diplomatic tone and norms: This incident raises questions about how much critique from one democratic nation to another is acceptable, especially within bodies like the UNHRC. India’s response suggests that it expects mutual respect rather than one-sided moral lectures.
• Soft power and global image: By calling out Switzerland, India not only defended its reputation internally, but also projected soft power—asserting itself as a democracy unapologetic of its practices and proud of its diversity.
• Future UNHRC debates: Such exchanges may tighten the boundaries of what countries are willing to accept in terms of external criticism, especially from nations that themselves have human rights challenges.

Stakes & what lies ahead

India hits back at Switzerland wasn’t just about a single statement; it was about a changing diplomatic posture. India seems less willing to be lectured by others—particularly when it believes those others have their own issues of prejudice and systemic discrimination.

Jaipur, Sep.11,2025: is an ancient hand block-printing technique from Akola village in Chittorgarh, Rajasthan. The word Dabu comes from the Hindi verb dabana (to press), reflecting the process of pressing clay-based mixtures onto fabric-

Rajasthan Folk Culture Revival in Spotlight

Rajasthan Folk Culture Revival begins this article as we explore how the culture of this vibrant state is not merely surviving—but being revitalised. From recent archaeological finds to government initiatives, the momentum to preserve, promote, and project Rajasthan’s living traditions is increasing. This revival links the past to the present, offering both locals and the world a deeper connection to heritage.

Archaeological Discoveries and Heritage Preservation

One driver of Rajasthan Folk Culture Revival is new archaeological evidence reaffirming the deep historical roots of the land.

• In Deeg district, ASI has unearthed a 3,500-year-old settlement including a palaeochannel possibly linked with the legendary Saraswati river.
• This discovery of ancient riverbeds and evidence of settlements from Kushan, Magadha, and Sunga periods helps anchor modern Rajasthan’s cultural identity in an unbroken past.
• The government is focusing on preserving temples and religious sites as centres of culture. Chief Minister Bhajan Lal Sharma has emphasized that these are not mere structures of faith but are the social and cultural heart of many communities. These efforts are not just about the stones; they are about stories, practices, artists, and living traditions that connect people to their roots—crucial for Rajasthan Folk Culture Revival.

Folk Arts, Dance & Music Leading the Revival

In the revival of Rajasthan’s folk culture, living arts—dance, music, oral tradition—play central roles.

Ghoomar, Gair, Chari & Other Dances

• Ghoomar: Flowing skirts, graceful twirls, vibrant colors; traditionally performed by women during festivals, weddings, auspicious occasions. It’s deeply embedded in Marwari, Dhundhar, and other regions.
• Gair Dance: A more vigorous folk dance performed by both men and women in the Marwar and Mewar regions. Emphasis on rhythmic footwork, sticks, swords, and community participation.
• Chari Dance: Women balance pots (Chari) on their head, sometimes with lamps or fire, while performing graceful steps. It symbolizes daily life (carrying water) merged with ritual, aesthetics, devotion.

Music & Oral Traditions

• Traditions like those of Manganiyars and Langas—musicians who have for generations narrated stories of valor, love, and myth through songs and ragas—are integral to Rajasthan Folk Culture Revival.
• Folk singers often perform at fairs and deserts, keeping alive heritage language, dialects, and mythic epics.

These dance and music forms are not static relics; they are evolving with revival initiatives, festivals, tourism, and local engagement.

Crafts, Jewelry & Traditional Skills Making a Strong Comeback

Rajasthan’s crafts are among its most arresting expressions of cultural identity—and they are now part of the Rajasthan Folk Culture Revival.

• Thewa Art: Originating in Pratapgarh, this technique of fusing 23-carat gold sheet over molten glass, with intricate designs, is once endangered but has seen resurgence.
• Block Printing, Bandhej, Bagru, Sanganeri Prints: These textile arts continue to grow in demand. Natural dyes, traditional motifs, and artisan workshop tours are making them more visible.

Akola Dabu Print- A Living Heritage of Rajasthan

Akola Dabu Print is an ancient hand block-printing technique from Akola village in Chittorgarh, Rajasthan. The word Dabu comes from the Hindi verb dabana (to press), reflecting the process of pressing clay-based mixtures onto fabric. This craft uses a unique mud-resist technique where natural materials—clay, lime, wheat flour, and gum—are combined to create a paste that resists dye. The result is fabric decorated with earthy, timeless patterns, making it both sustainable and deeply rooted in Indian tradition.

The Process of Akola Dabu Print

1. Preparing the Mixture
   A special paste called dabu is made by mixing wheat flour, lime, gum (from the babul tree), and black clay.
2. Designing the Blocks
   Skilled artisans carve intricate motifs onto wooden blocks, which are then used to print the designs.
3. Applying the Mud Paste
   The wooden blocks are dipped into the prepared clay paste and carefully pressed onto the fabric to create patterned impressions.
4. Dyeing the Fabric
   Once the mud dries and sets firmly, the fabric is dyed, most often in indigo (neel), giving it a striking contrast.
5. Washing Off the Mud
   After dyeing, the cloth is dried and washed, removing the clay resist. The areas covered with mud remain color-free, revealing unique natural patterns.
6. The Final Product
   The finished fabric displays stunning motifs—neutral spaces against deep shades—creating an authentic symbol of India’s artistic heritage.

Thanks to Mr. Vipin Kumar Chhipa, Owner Shreenath Hand Print Akola for Provide information.

History and Significance

• Origins
  The roots of this craft lie in Rajasthan’s Akola village, where it has been practiced for centuries, passed down through generations of artisan families.
• Revival
  With the rise of machine printing, this traditional art form almost disappeared. However, in the 21st century, the growing global interest in handmade and sustainable crafts sparked its revival. Brands like Avartan and artisan cooperatives have played a key role in bringing Akola Dabu back into the spotlight.
• Sustainability
  The process is entirely eco-friendly, relying on natural dyes and organic materials. This makes Akola Dabu not only a cultural treasure but also a sustainable textile practice for the modern world.

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• Jewelry & Gem Work: Royal Rajput styles, Thewa pieces, gemstones, and locally made ornaments are being revived both as wearable art and as artifacts.
• Pottery, Leather Work, Appliqué: In the western desert districts and rural areas especially, these crafts are being supported through tourism and governmental programs. Western Rajasthan is emerging as a hub for folk art & tourism. These crafts are feeding into heritage tourism, local livelihood, and pride. The Rajasthan Folk Culture Revival gives artisans new markets, recognition, and motivation to keep these skills alive.

Festivals, Religious Sites & Cultural Tourism

Festivals and religious heritage play a dual role: they preserve ritual and belief, and they act as anchors for cultural tourism.

• Rajasthan’s government has committed to preserving historical and religious sites. Under various schemes, circuits of devotional tourism and infrastructure development are in planning or execution.
• Fairs and festivals—Pushkar, Desert Festival, Sharad Purnima events like the Rajasthan International Folk Festival (RIFF) in Mehrangarh Fort—bring together local and international artists. These create platforms for Rajasthan Folk Culture Revival to reach wider audiences.
• Temples not only draw pilgrims but also become venues for music, dance, oral recitations, and communal gathering. Chief Minister Sharma has emphasized temples’ roles as centers for social, cultural, spiritual consciousness.

Tourism policies tied with heritage conservation amplify revival: local communities benefit, artisans get patronage, architecture is restored, and tradition stays relevant.

Gender, Rural Life & Identity

The Rajasthan Folk Culture Revival is not merely about Dances or Monuments—it’s about people, their identities, gender roles, rural livelihoods, and intergenerational transmission.

• Rural life continues to be the primary vessel for traditional knowledge—be it folk stories, dialects, performing art or craft skills.
• Women especially carry many forms of expression—dance (Ghoomar, Chari), craft (textile work, ornamentation), food traditions and rituals. Their involvement is essential.
• Language and dialect preservation: Marwari, Mewari, Dhundhary, Harauti etc. Each carries folk tales, proverbs, songs unique to region.
• Identity and pride: As younger generations connect with their roots via festivals, tourism, social media, they are more willing to learn and continue traditions.

Challenges and the Road Ahead for Rajasthan Folk Culture Revival

While there is great momentum, there are also challenges that need addressing.

What’s needed

• Policies that balance tourism with conservation.
• Support for artisan cooperatives, craft schools, local museums.
• Integration of folk arts in education (schools, cultural centres).
• Using digital media and technology (recordings, VR, social media) to archive and share.
• Sustainable environmental management to ensure rural ecologies that support traditional livelihoods.

Why Rajasthan Folk Culture Revival Matters

Rajasthan Folk Culture Revival is more than a trend—it’s a lifeline connecting past, present and future. When a dance is performed, a craft is made, or a temple is restored, the stories, values, and identity of entire communities are preserved.

This revival also has very tangible benefits: economic opportunity, tourism, community cohesion, cultural pride, and a sense of rootedness in a rapidly changing world.

Whether in the golden sands of Jaisalmer, the ornate palaces of Jaipur, or in village courtyards, we see the colors of Rajasthan—its festivals, its music, its artisans—being re-brought into focus. And that makes the Rajasthan Folk Culture Revival not just important, but indispensable.

Mumbai, Sep.11,2025: An important element of the Jagjit Singh legacy is how he experimented, collaborated, and expanded the boundaries of what a ghazal singer could do-

Jagjit Singh legacy- Early life and roots

Jagjit Singh legacy begins in Sri Ganganagar, Rajasthan, where he was born on 8 February 1941 to Amar Singh Dhiman and Bachan Kaur. His birth name was Jagmohan; his father renamed him Jagjit on advice of a spiritual guru. He was educated in Sri Ganganagar and Jalandhar, and later obtained a Post-Graduate degree in History from Kurukshetra University.

• While his father wanted him to pursue engineering or a stable administrative job, Jagjit Singh’s own passion was for music.

These early foundations shaped the Jagjit Singh legacy- rooted in classical tradition, yet driven by his own artistic calling.

Musical training and artistic growth

To fully appreciate the Jagjit Singh legacy, one must look at the rigorous training he underwent and the artistry he developed over years.

• He first learned under Pandit Chaganlal Sharma, a blind classical teacher in his hometown; this provided grounding in classical vocal styles.
• Later, he trained with Ustad Jamal Khan of the Sainia (or Maihar) gharana, which deepened his knowledge of khayal, thumri, dhrupad and other Hindustani classical forms.
• As a young man, he performed at All India Radio in Jalandhar, and participated in inter-college and youth music festivals with classical, folk and sugam sangeet elements.

Through this, Jagjit Singh honed his voice, musical sense, and the ability to connect emotion with melody. This combination is central to the Jagjit Singh legacy of making ghazal song accessible, soulful, and deeply human.

Breakthrough albums and popular acclaim

One of the critical phases in the Jagjit Singh legacy is the point when his talent reached broad public attention.

• In 1976, with his wife Chitra Singh, he released The Unforgettables — an album that became a commercial breakthrough in ghazal music.
• Over his career, he released around 80 albums, including ghazals, devotional songs (bhajans, shabads), and compositions for films.
• Some of his memorable ghazals: Meri Zindagi Kisi Aur Ki, Patta-Patta Boota-Boota, Hontho Se Chhoo Lo Tum, Tum Ko Dekha, Wo Jo Hum Mein Tum. These songs bridged traditional poetry and the emotional expression of common people. This part of his journey underscores the Jagjit Singh legacy of artistic perseverance and connection with audiences—how classical roots combined with lyricism and melody can make a deep impact.

Collaborations, experimentation, and innovation

An important element of the Jagjit Singh legacy is how he experimented, collaborated, and expanded the boundaries of what a ghazal singer could do.

• He was among the pioneers who used Western instruments (guitar, saxophone etc.) alongside Indian classical instruments in ghazals, bringing new textures without losing the core gut-feel.
• He composed for Bollywood films and television serials, for instance Prem Geet (1981), Arth (1982), Saath Saath (1982), Mirza Ghalib, Kahkashan, etc.
• He also recorded songs written by poets including former Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee in albums like Nayi Disha and Samvedna, showcasing his willingness to merge poetry and politics sensitively.
• Notably, his album Beyond Time (1987) was among the earliest digitally multi-tracked or digitally recorded ghazal or non-film albums, marking a technical and artistic evolution.

Through these experiments, the Jagjit Singh legacy becomes one of pushing traditions forward, not just preserving them.

Personal tragedies and human courage

No legacy is untouched by human trials; Jagjit Singh’s life also had its share of sorrow, and yet from it came strength that resonated with fans.

• His only son Vivek died in a road accident in 1990. This loss deeply affected Jagjit and Chitra Singh, and music became one way of processing that grief.
• In his later years, though his health had ups and downs, he continued to perform, record, and work—reflecting dedication and courage. These moments contributed to the Jagjit Singh legacy of authenticity: his music didn’t ignore pain—rather, it gave voice to it, making him beloved not just for beauty, but for honesty.

Awards, honors, and lasting impact

Jagjit Singh’s recognitions reflect how his contributions have been officially and culturally appreciated.

• In 2003, the Government of India awarded him the Padma Bhushan, recognizing his influence in Indian music.
• He has often been called the “Ghazal King”—a title drawn from both admiration and the unique role he played in reviving and popularizing the genre.
• On his birth anniversaries and long after his death (10 October 2011), media, music communities, and public celebrations continue to remember and honour his contribution.

The Jagjit Singh legacy thus is not only in the songs themselves, but in how music culture in India and abroad has been shaped by his approach: lyrical, emotive, accessible, and respectful of tradition.

What future generations learn from him

What lessons does the Jagjit Singh legacy hold—especially for young artists, listeners, and culture-makers?

1. Blend respect for tradition with bold innovation
   Jagjit Singh didn’t abandon classical training; he built upon it, then introduced innovation (instrumentation, recording techniques) to make ghazals more widely loved.
2. Express emotion genuinely
   Listeners connect when voice, melody, and words align in sincerity—Jagjit made heartbreak, longing, and hope intelligible in songs.
3. Persevere through hardship
   From early struggles in Bombay (moving without much support), performing jingles, facing loss in his personal life—he kept creating. That perseverance is central to his legacy.
4. Elevate poetry and words
   He emphasized “bol-pradhan” style—where lyrics (shayari) are not masked by music but enhanced by it. Future musicians can learn that choosing meaningful words matters.
5. Connect with audiences across barriers
   He sang in multiple languages (Hindi, Urdu, Punjabi, etc.), and composed for film, TV, devotional music—reaching diverse people. Legacy is not staying in one box.
6. Leave behind sustainable cultural value
   The Jagjit Singh legacy shows that success isn’t just fame—it’s the music that outlives the artist, the emotions that each generation rediscovers.

The Jagjit Singh legacy is more than the sum of albums, concerts, and awards. It’s a blueprint for artists who aim to be timeless: stay rooted in art, embrace innovation, be truthful in emotion, and keep the audience’s heart in focus.

He passed away on 10 October 2011 due to a cerebral haemorrhage in Mumbai, but his voice continues to echo in hearts, his ghazals still played, and his lessons still lived.

New Delhi, Sep.10,2025:In a surprising motion, Satyaki Savarkar, granddaughter of nationalist icon Veer Savarkar, filed an application in a Pune court urging that Rahul Gandhi Court Appearance Demand be enforced-

Rahul Gandhi Court Appearance Demand Emerges

Rahul Gandhi Court Appearance Demand immediately grabs attention as a bold and fiery development in Indian politics. At the heart of it lies a surprising and fresh legal twist—an old petition, previously withdrawn, now resurfaces thrusting political drama into the courtroom.

The Old Petition Resurfaces

In a surprising motion, Satyaki Savarkar, granddaughter of nationalist icon Veer Savarkar, filed an application in a Pune court urging that Rahul Gandhi Court Appearance Demand be enforced. She insisted the Congress leader personally clarify whether he had authorized the August petition invoking threats to his life—an application that was later retracted by Gandhi’s legal team. This renewed demand places the spotlight back on court proceedings that many thought were behind us.

Satyaki Savarkar’s Bold Application

In her petition, Satyaki Savarkar asserted:

“Rahul Gandhi Court Appearance Demand is essential for transparency—we must know if the threat petition was genuinely authorized by him.”

The original August application—alleging a threat to Gandhi’s life—was withdrawn shortly thereafter. The renewed demand now seeks to clarify whether Gandhi personally sanctioned that filing. The court must decide whether such clarification is necessary and if Gandhi should face Ramifications for overseeing—or not overseeing—this legal move.

Defamation Cases and Court Procedural Trends

Defamation Context

Satyaki Savarkar had earlier filed a criminal defamation case against Rahul Gandhi, citing remarks he allegedly made about Veer Savarkar during a London speech in March 2023.

Bail and Plea Procedure

On July 11, 2025, Gandhi pleaded not guilty through his lawyer in Pune; the court allowed this based on representation rules.
Meanwhile, in a separate case in Nashik (2022 remarks during Bharat Jodo Yatra), a court granted him bail on a ₹15,000 bond.

Attempts at Court Maneuvering

• Gandhi’s team sought contempt proceedings against Satyaki for failing to submit usable evidence (CD/transcript).
• His plea to access Satyaki’s maternal lineage was dismissed by the court as irrelevant to the defamation case.
• Satyaki also unsuccessfully tried to revoke Gandhi’s bail.
• Finally, Gandhi claimed in an affidavit that Veer Savarkar was related to Nathuram Godse—a provocative addition to the legal and political narrative.

Political Implications and Power Dynamics

The tug-of-war in court underscores how legal tools are increasingly used for political theatrics. Here’s how the Rahul Gandhi Court Appearance Demand plays into broader power games:

Court Dates and Strategic Scenarios

• Court Appearance: If accepted, Gandhi may need to appear in person, undermining his current strategy of legal distance.
• Clarification Required: The petition could force Gandhi’s team to clarify who ordered the threat application—raising questions of political oversight.
• Defamation Trial Progress: The original defamation case is scheduled to start trial by late July or early August, depending on procedural outcomes.

Why the Rahul Gandhi Court Appearance Demand Matters

The renewed push for a Rahul Gandhi Court Appearance Demand transforms procedural nuance into a front-page legal drama. It probes the authenticity of a withdrawn petition and challenges Gandhi’s team on accountability and procedural propriety. As defamation trials proceed, this demand could influence Gandhi’s courtroom visibility, public perception, and political narrative.

This story remains fluid—as each court date approaches, new developments are sure to follow. Stay tuned as the legal chess game between Gandhi and Savarkar’s camp unfolds.

Bengal, Sep.10,2025:The Indian Motion Picture Producers’ Association (IMPPA) has formally written to Prime Minister Narendra Modi, urging his intervention to enforce the film’s release. In the letter, IMPPA asserts that despite CBFC approval-

A Heated Start

Bengal Files ban headlines are lighting up headlines nationwide after political interference appears to block the release of The Bengal Files in West Bengal. Despite clearing the CBFC, theaters in the state remain unwilling to screen the film. Allegations of intimidation, coercion, and unofficial suppression have raised alarms in both the film fraternity and political circles.

IMPPA’s Appeal to PM Modi

The Indian Motion Picture Producers’ Association (IMPPA) has formally written to Prime Minister Narendra Modi, urging his intervention to enforce the film’s release. In the letter, IMPPA asserts that despite CBFC approval, the film faces indirect restrictions in West Bengal. Producers and distributors reportedly suffer from threats and logistical obstructions—jeopardizing massive investments and creative rights.

Legal Relief at the Calcutta High Court

In a legal victory for the filmmakers, the Calcutta High Court dismissed a petition challenging the portrayal of freedom fighter Gopal Patha in the film, thereby reaffirming the CBFC’s authority. The court also denied any imposed stay that might have hindered the film’s wider exhibition.

FWICE Condemns the Unofficial Ban

The Federation of Western India Cine Employees (FWICE), representing over 36 industry associations, issued a strong condemnation of what it terms an “undeclared ban” on the film. Calling it an affront to creative liberty and expression, FWICE urged theater owners and the government to ensure the film can be screened without restriction.

Political Heat and Industry Fallout

Political reactions have sharply divided. BJP officials have lambasted the Trinamool Congress government for what they deem suppressive actions, framing the issue as a threat to historical truth and creative freedom. Meanwhile, TMC representatives deny involvement, attributing the film’s non-release to exhibitor choices—not government directives.

In a parallel move, a BJP-aligned platform plans a film festival in November to highlight movies excluded from mainstream screenings, including The Bengal Files. The festival aims to provide an alternate platform for diverse narratives and includes both regional and international entries.

Film’s Box Office Amid the Ban

Despite obstacles in West Bengal, The Bengal Files has made a modest domestic impact. It crossed roughly ₹10 crore by day five, a modest rise given the controversy. Initial advance booking underperformed in some regions, but popularity held steady in markets where screens were available.

However, by day four, the film’s collections dipped to ₹0.95 crore amid stiff competition from Baaghi 4 and The Conjuring: Last Rites, with total earnings reaching around ₹7.7 crore.

Actor Anupam Kher described the film as “shocking, saddening, emotionally disturbing,” praising its execution—reportedly screening to 80% occupancy in theaters where it did release.

Broader Implications for Artistic Freedom

This controversy ignites broader questions: Can political pressure override CBFC certification? Does restricting a film erode the constitutional right to artistic expression? Can investments in cinema be safeguarded from partisan interference?

Industry bodies like IMPPA and FWICE warn that such unofficial censorship may set a chilling precedent—deterring filmmakers from tackling sensitive topics or risking suppression in politically sensitive zones.

Cinema Under Siege

The Bengal Files ban saga raises urgent concerns about the intersection of politics, freedom of expression, and cultural access. A certified film today struggles to reach audiences due to coercion; a democratic dissonance that demands resolution. As legal clarity emerges, the heart of the matter remains deeply troubling: in a democracy, artistic expression should never bow to intimidation.