France,Sep.25,2025:The news of Nicolas Sarkozy sentenced to five years in prison has sent shockwaves across France and beyond. Once hailed as a strong leader of the European Union, Sarkozy now faces a humiliating chapter in his career-

The Paris Criminal Court found the former French President guilty of criminal conspiracy related to illegal Libyan funds. While some charges were dismissed, the court confirmed that he accepted funds from Libya’s late leader Muammar Gaddafi for his 2007 presidential campaign.

This verdict not only tarnishes Sarkozy’s political image but also raises broader questions about corruption and democracy in Europe.

Who Is Nicolas Sarkozy

Before discussing why Nicolas Sarkozy was sentenced, it’s important to understand his career.

• Nicolas Sarkozy, 70, served as President of France from 2007 to 2012.
• Known for his dynamic personality, he was called “Sarko the American” for his bold and pro-business policies.
• During his presidency, he played a key role in NATO’s Libya intervention in 2011 and was deeply involved in EU politics.

Yet, his political career has been overshadowed by repeated allegations of corruption.

Libya and Illegal Campaign Funding Allegations

At the center of why Nicolas Sarkozy was sentenced is a scandal involving illegal campaign financing.

Investigators claim Sarkozy’s 2007 election campaign received millions in undeclared cash from Muammar Gaddafi’s Libya. These funds allegedly helped him secure victory.

Though Sarkozy denied ever receiving such money, evidence presented in court included witness testimonies, bank transfers, and political intermediaries who admitted handling funds.

Why Nicolas Sarkozy Was Sentenced

On September 25, 2025, the Paris Criminal Court sentenced Nicolas Sarkozy to five years in prison.

• Charges upheld: Criminal conspiracy linked to Libyan funds.
• Charges dismissed: Corruption and other campaign financing violations.
• Sentence details: Out of 5 years, 2 years are suspended, meaning he may serve 3 years in detention or under electronic surveillance.

The court described his actions as a “serious attack on the integrity of French democracy.”

Claims of Political Motivation

Throughout the trial, Sarkozy maintained his innocence, arguing that the charges were politically motivated.

He accused his opponents of trying to destroy his reputation to prevent any political comeback. Sarkozy often repeated:

“I have never received a single euro from Gaddafi. These are lies, orchestrated for political gain.”

His lawyers have announced plans to appeal the verdict, ensuring that the legal battle is far from over.

Timeline of Sarkozy’s Legal Troubles

The phrase “Nicolas Sarkozy sentenced” is not new in French media. His legal challenges span over a decade:

• 2007: Wins French presidential elections.
• 2012: Defeated by François Hollande.
• 2013–2016: Investigations into illegal funding begin.
• 2021: Convicted of corruption and sentenced to 3 years in a separate case.
• 2025: Sentenced to 5 years in the Libya case.

This makes Sarkozy the first French president since Jacques Chirac to face prison sentences after leaving office.

The Role of Muammar Gaddafi in the Case

The case against Sarkozy is unique because it involves an international dictator—Muammar Gaddafi.

• Gaddafi allegedly provided €50 million to Sarkozy’s 2007 campaign.
• Intermediaries testified about cash-filled suitcases sent to Paris.
• Ironically, Sarkozy later supported NATO’s 2011 military intervention that helped topple Gaddafi.

This paradox has made the case even more controversial.

How the French Public Reacted to Sarkozy’s Sentence

The sentencing divided France.

• Supporters: Many believe Sarkozy is being unfairly targeted and remains a “victim of judicial activism.”
• Critics: Others see the ruling as a victory for justice and proof that no one is above the law.
• Public opinion polls: Show that a majority of French citizens believe the case damages France’s international image.

 International Reactions to Nicolas Sarkozy’s Sentencing

The world has reacted strongly to the news of Nicolas Sarkozy sentenced:

• European Union leaders have expressed concern about corruption within European politics.
• Middle Eastern analysts see it as proof of Gaddafi’s influence beyond Libya.
• Global media outlets have described it as a “dramatic fall from grace” for one of Europe’s most influential leaders.

Other Leaders Facing Justice

Sarkozy’s case is not unique. Across the world, many leaders have faced trials after leaving office.

• Silvio Berlusconi (Italy): Faced multiple trials for corruption and tax fraud.
• Jacob Zuma (South Africa): Accused of corruption linked to arms deals.
• Park Geun-hye (South Korea): Imprisoned for abuse of power and bribery.

The message is clear: justice systems are increasingly holding powerful leaders accountable.

Sarkozy’s Political Legacy After the Sentence

With Nicolas Sarkozy sentenced, his political future seems over.

• His hopes for a comeback in French politics are effectively destroyed.
• His party, Les Républicains, now faces the challenge of moving beyond Sarkozy’s shadow.
• Analysts argue that his conviction may influence upcoming French elections, shifting focus toward transparency and accountability.

What Nicolas Sarkozy’s Sentence Means for Democracy

The fact that Nicolas Sarkozy was sentenced to five years is not just about one man—it’s about the strength of democracy.

This ruling sends a powerful signal: even presidents can be punished when they break the law.

MP,Sep.25,2025:The Bijasan Mata Temple is not just a shrine of faith but a 2000-year-old cultural and historical treasure. Revered as the Kuldevi (family deity) of multiple dynasties and communities, this temple continues to attract thousands of devotees from Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Maharashtra, Gujarat, and beyond–

Unlike many regional deities worshipped by a single community, Bijasan Mata transcends boundaries. She is regarded as the protector goddess of the Holkar dynasty, the Hindu Gadariya (Kukroliya family), and several other communities across India.

Historical Background of Bijasan Mata Temple

The Bijasan Mata Temple is believed to be over 2000 years old, making it one of the most ancient temples in India dedicated to a Kuldevi. Located on hilltops in places like Indore, Bundi, and Chittorgarh, the temple has remained a site of devotion for centuries.

The architecture of the temple combines ancient Hindu design with regional craftsmanship, reflecting both tribal traditions and classical rituals.

Communities That Worship Bijasan Mata as Kuldevi

Holkar Dynasty

The Holkar rulers of Indore had an unshakable faith in Bijasan Mata. The temple in Indore is strongly associated with this royal dynasty, and many rituals of the Holkar state involved offerings to the goddess.

Hindu Gadariya (Kukroliya family)

The Gadariya community, particularly the Kukroliya family, also considers Bijasan Mata as their Kuldevi. Generations of Gadariya families have worshipped her as their protector, especially during festivals and important life events.

Other Communities and Regions

Beyond dynasties and caste groups, Bijasan Mata Temple is revered by devotees from Maharashtra, Gujarat, Rajasthan, and Madhya Pradesh. This broad devotion underscores her status as a universal goddess rather than a regional one.

Bijasan Mata Temple in Indore

One of the most famous shrines dedicated to Bijasan Mata is located in Indore, Madhya Pradesh. Perched on a hilltop, the temple provides not only spiritual solace but also a panoramic view of the city.

During Navratri, the Indore temple becomes a magnet for thousands of pilgrims who come to seek blessings.

Bijasan Mata Temple in Rajasthan

Kanar Kheda, Chittorgarh

In Kanar Kheda village of Chittorgarh district, a Bijasan Mata Temple stands majestically on a hill. This shrine is over 2000 years old and continues to be a hub of devotion. Devotees from Maharashtra, Gujarat, and Surat travel here every year.

The temple is unique as it is jointly served by Bhil community priests (Bhopa ji Ratta ji Bhil) and a Pandit ji who performs daily rituals. This fusion of tribal and Brahminical traditions makes the temple special.

Bundi District – Indergarh

Another important site is the Bijasan Mata Dham in Indergarh, Bundi, which also attracts thousands of devotees from Rajasthan and neighboring states.

Bijasan Mata Worship in Maharashtra and Gujarat

In Maharashtra and Gujarat, devotees also worship Bijasan Mata as their guardian deity. Several households keep her image in their homes, and her name is invoked during important ceremonies.

Read more about regional goddess worship in India.

Religious Rituals and Worship Practices

The Bijasan Mata Temple follows daily worship practices blending tribal customs and traditional Hindu rituals.

• Bhopa ji from the Bhil community performs age-old tribal rituals.
• Pandit ji from nearby towns conducts Vedic puja and aarti.
• Offerings of coconut, red cloth, sindoor, and sweets are common.

This blend of practices highlights the temple’s inclusivity and cultural richness.

Navratri Celebrations at Bijasan Mata Temple

Navratri is the grandest festival at all Bijasan Mata shrines. During this time:

• Thousands of pilgrims gather for nine nights of devotion.
• Special aarti, bhajans, and folk dances take place.
• Local fairs (melas) bring together people from diverse communities.

The atmosphere during Navratri transforms the temple into a vibrant hub of spirituality and celebration.

Cultural and Spiritual Importance of Bijasan Mata Temple

The temple serves as.

• A cultural hub where tribal and classical traditions merge.
• A spiritual sanctuary for devotees from multiple states.
• A heritage site symbolizing faith carried across generations.

Stories, Legends, and Folklore

Several legends are associated with the Bijasan Mata Temple. Locals believe that the goddess has protected dynasties, safeguarded farmers, and blessed warriors before battles.

These stories strengthen people’s faith and attract more devotees every year.

Why Bijasan Mata Temple Remains a Living Heritage

Unlike many ancient temples that become monuments, Bijasan Mata Temple remains a living place of worship. Its connection with multiple dynasties, communities, and states ensures that devotion continues to thrive.

Bijasan Mata Temple as a Universal Kuldevi

The Bijasan Mata Temple is more than a place of worship—it is a symbol of faith, unity, and cultural continuity. Whether in Indore, Chittorgarh, Bundi, or Maharashtra, her shrines embody spiritual resilience.

As one of India’s most ancient Kuldevi temples, it proves that faith has no boundaries—it unites dynasties, communities, and states under the grace of Bijasan Mata.

Chittorgarh, Sep.25,2025:The Joganiya Mata history is more than just a religious account—it represents Rajasthan’s cultural and historical fabric. The temple has stood for nearly 1,200 years, witnessing the evolution of local traditions and spiritual practices-

The Hada Dynasty and Their Kuldevi

The Hada rulers of the region considered Annapurna Mata as their family deity (Kuldevi). Over time, the goddess manifested as Joganiya Mata, especially during a significant royal wedding in Bambavadagarh, where she is believed to have appeared in a unique form.

From Annapurna to Joganiya- The Transformation

According to local lore.

• During the wedding of Deva Hada’s daughter, Annapurna Mata assumed the form of Goddess Joganiya.
• Initially, she was not recognized and received little honor, leading her to take the form of a beautiful woman to assert her divine presence.
• This divine intervention is said to have influenced political dynamics among the Hada rulers.

Legends and State Formation

The legend narrates that seeing the goddess in her Joganiya form.

• Caused internal conflict among the kings.
• Led Deva Hada to be injured and lose his kingdom temporarily.
• Later, Annapurna Mata blessed the Hada lineage by appearing as Joganiya Mata, giving them legitimacy and spiritual sanction to establish rule in Bundi.

Naming of the Temple

Following this divine appearance and blessing, the deity came to be known as Joganiya Mata, and her worship began in this specific form. The temple in Chittorgarh now carries forward this rich legacy, attracting devotees from across Rajasthan and neighboring regions.

Ancient Rituals and Their Transformation

Historically, rituals at the temple were intense and symbolic, reflecting the devotion of the Hada rulers and the local populace.

• Tongue offering: Devotees would cut their tongue to fulfill vows—a dangerous practice abolished in 1896 by the then ruler of Begoo.
• Animal sacrifices: Practices involving buffaloes, goats, and chickens continued until 1974, when local reformers and authorities finally ended the ritual.

Tongue Offering: A Dangerous Practice

The tongue-cutting ritual was seen as a supreme act of devotion. Devotees believed that offering their tongue would secure divine blessings. However, recognizing its lethal risks, the practice was discontinued in the late 19th century.

Animal Sacrifices and Social Reforms

Animal sacrifices were integral to the temple rituals for centuries. These were seen as:

• Expressions of gratitude upon fulfillment of vows.
• Means to appease the goddess for continued protection and prosperity.

By 1974, due to social awareness and reformist movements, these practices were abolished, making the temple a safer and more spiritually inclusive space.

Modern-Day Worship at the Temple

Today, the Joganiya Mata temple is a peaceful pilgrimage site:

• Thousands of devotees visit annually from Rajasthan and nearby states.
• Offerings now include flowers, sweets, and symbolic rituals rather than harmful practices.
• The temple has become a center for cultural preservation and religious education.

Other Deities Within the Complex

The temple complex also hosts.

• A Shivling representing Lord Shiva.
• A Bhairav temple symbolizing protection.
• Statues representing 64 divine forms of Joganiya Mata, allowing devotees to worship various aspects of the goddess.

Pilgrimage and Devotee Practices

Modern devotees follow practices that emphasize spiritual connection and community welfare:

• Lighting lamps and performing prayers for family well-being.
• Celebrating festivals in honor of Joganiya Mata with music, dance, and communal feasts.
• Observing traditional rituals that are safe, ethical, and inclusive.

Preserving Spiritual Heritage

The Joganiya Mata history is a remarkable blend of legend, devotion, and social evolution. From dangerous rituals like tongue offerings and animal sacrifices to a peaceful, inclusive temple complex, the site embodies Rajasthan’s spiritual resilience.

Today, Joganiya Mata continues to inspire faith, cultural pride, and historical awareness, making it one of the most revered pilgrimage sites in Chittorgarh district.

Colombia,Sep.25,2025:The Colombia condemns US drug boat attacks headline reflects a deepening tension between Bogotá and Washington over anti-narcotics operations. Key highlights include-

• President Petro labeled the attacks “tyrannical actions” in the Caribbean Sea.
• If Colombian citizens were killed, Petro insists on criminal investigations against US officials.
• US President Donald Trump defends the strikes as necessary to curb fentanyl and other drugs entering the United States.
• Allegedly, 17 deaths have occurred since the strikes began this month.

President Gustavo Petro’s Statements

Gustavo Petro, speaking to Media , said.

“If you can stop the boat and arrest the crew, why launch missiles? This is called murder.”

Petro’s statement challenges the morality and legality of unilateral US actions in international waters and emphasizes the right to national sovereignty.

US Justification for the Attacks

From the American perspective, these operations are part of a broader anti-drug strategy. President Donald Trump has argued that:

• The strikes prevent fentanyl and other narcotics from entering US borders.
• The Caribbean Sea is a major route for illegal drug trafficking.
• Military intervention is necessary to dismantle high-risk trafficking networks.

However, the Colombia condemns US drug boat attacks headline underscores the growing tension over whether these methods are proportional or lawful.

Deaths and Allegations

Reports indicate that at least 17 people have died during the recent airstrikes. Colombian authorities and human rights groups are concerned that some victims may be Colombian citizens.

This raises critical questions.

• Are US strikes violating international human rights law?
• Should US officials face criminal accountability if Colombian citizens are killed?

Petro emphasized the importance of justice and transparency, arguing that sovereignty cannot be overridden in the name of security.

Legal Experts Question Compliance with International Law

Legal scholars and members of parliament have questioned whether the US attacks comply with international law.

• The use of missiles against civilian-crewed boats may constitute excessive force.
• Human rights conventions could be violated if the attacks are indiscriminate.
• The principle of national sovereignty is a cornerstone of international maritime law.

Experts argue that the Colombia condemns US drug boat attacks headline is not just rhetoric but reflects a real legal and ethical challenge to US operations.

Historical Context of US-Drug Enforcement in the Caribbean

The US has a long history of anti-drug interventions in Latin America and the Caribbean, including.

• Colombia’s long-standing Plan Colombia in the early 2000s.
• Surveillance and interdiction missions in the Caribbean Sea.
• Military support to curb cocaine and fentanyl trafficking networks.

The Colombia condemns US drug boat attacks headline reflects a shift where host nations are questioning the scope and methods of US intervention.

Potential Diplomatic Fallout

Tensions could escalate diplomatically.

• Colombia may demand formal explanations and reparations.
• Washington risks facing criticism from Latin American neighbors.
• Future anti-drug cooperation could be strained if sovereignty concerns are not addressed.

International Reactions and Calls for Accountability

The Colombia condemns US drug boat attacks reaction has drawn attention worldwide:

• Human rights organizations call for transparent investigations.
• Regional governments emphasize respect for sovereignty.
• International law experts warn that such actions could set a dangerous precedent for maritime operations.

Colombia’s Proposed Actions and Investigations

President Petro has indicated that Colombia will.

• Launch investigations to determine if Colombian citizens were killed.
• Consider criminal action against US officials if evidence supports violations.
• Strengthen oversight of international interventions in Colombian waters.

Geopolitical Implications for the Americas

The Colombia condemns US drug boat attacks headline underscores wider geopolitical concerns.

• Latin American countries are asserting greater control over their maritime territories.
• US anti-drug policies may face legal and diplomatic pushback.
• Regional cooperation may need new frameworks to balance security and sovereignty.

Future of US-Colombia Cooperation in Anti-Drug Efforts

While cooperation may continue, the tone has shifted.

• Colombia will insist on joint operations with oversight.
• Washington may need to recalibrate its tactics to avoid human rights violations.
• Trust-building measures are necessary for a sustainable anti-drug partnership.

Conclusion: Sovereignty vs. Security

The Colombia condemns US drug boat attacks statement is a critical reminder that national sovereignty and human rights cannot be sacrificed in the name of security.

As President Petro asserted, stopping a boat and arresting its crew is sufficient; launching missiles crosses a moral and legal boundary. The coming months will reveal whether international law, diplomacy, and accountability can prevent further escalation in the Caribbean.

Iran,Sep.25,2025: The Iran reaction Saudi Arabia Pakistan defense agreement signals a remarkable shift in the geopolitics of West Asia. President Masoud Pezeshkian welcomed the pact, emphasizing-

• It is the beginning of a comprehensive security system in the region.
• Muslim countries must cooperate in political, security, and defense matters.
• Security cannot be guaranteed through force but through trust-building and regional connectivity.
• Multilateralism and unity are the cornerstones of lasting peace.

Why Iran Welcomed the Saudi-Pakistan Defense Pact

Iran’s positive stance on the defense deal is significant because, historically, Tehran and Riyadh have often been on opposite sides of regional conflicts. The Iran reaction Saudi Arabia Pakistan defense agreement marks a rare moment of alignment, where Tehran views Riyadh’s partnership with Islamabad as an opportunity for.

• Reducing tensions in the Persian Gulf and South Asia.
• Strengthening Islamic solidarity.
• Counterbalancing external powers’ influence in the region.

Iran’s Vision for Security Without Force

At the UNGA, President Pezeshkian declared that.

“Security cannot be ensured through the use of force. It requires restoring trust, enhancing regional connectivity, and fostering multilateral unity.”

This aligns with the Iran reaction Saudi Arabia Pakistan defense agreement, as it underscores dialogue and partnership rather than militarization.

Iran’s Firm Condemnation

Another focal point of Pezeshkian’s speech was the Israeli attack on Doha, Qatar earlier this month. He condemned the strike as an unjust act against regional peace and stability.

By linking this condemnation with the Iran reaction Saudi Arabia Pakistan defense agreement, Tehran is attempting to show consistency: opposing aggression while promoting cooperative security.

 “Iran Never Sought Nuclear Weapons”

Addressing global concerns, President Pezeshkian reiterated.

“Iran has never sought to acquire nuclear weapons, and it never will.”

This assurance reinforces Tehran’s commitment to peaceful development and aligns with its positive stance in the Iran reaction Saudi Arabia Pakistan defense agreement.

Regional Implications of Saudi-Pakistan Defense Agreement

The Saudi-Pakistan deal, welcomed by Iran, could reshape regional security:

• It may balance power in South Asia and the Middle East.
• It promotes joint training, intelligence-sharing, and defense manufacturing.
• It could deter external interference by non-regional powers.

A Turning Point

The Iran reaction Saudi Arabia Pakistan defense agreement reflects a wider call for Muslim unity. For decades, divisions among Islamic nations have weakened collective bargaining power. A collaborative defense pact signals a turning point in creating stronger political and security ties.

Global Reactions to Iran’s Statement

While regional media welcomed Iran’s stance, Western analysts remain cautious. Some view Tehran’s comments as an attempt to rebuild trust after years of sanctions and diplomatic isolation. Others suggest Iran’s support signals a strategic shift toward multilateralism.

Comparison with Past Iran-Saudi Relations

Historically, Iran and Saudi Arabia have had strained relations due to.

• Proxy conflicts in Yemen and Syria.
• Rivalry over leadership of the Islamic world.
• Diplomatic breakdowns after the 2016 embassy crisis.

However, since the China-brokered rapprochement in 2023, the two powers have slowly rebuilt trust. The Iran reaction Saudi Arabia Pakistan defense agreement continues this trajectory.

Challenges to Regional Security Cooperation

Despite optimism, challenges remain.

• Historical mistrust among regional powers.
• Ongoing conflicts involving non-state actors.
• Pressure from Western alliances to limit Iran’s influence.
• Economic disparities among Muslim nations.

Can This Agreement Transform West Asia

The Iran reaction Saudi Arabia Pakistan defense agreement could lay the groundwork for:

• A regional defense architecture led by Muslim nations.
• Reduced reliance on external military powers.
• Enhanced trade, energy, and infrastructure cooperation.

If successful, it may reshape the security map of West Asia and South Asia for decades.

Toward a Multi polar Security Order

The Iran reaction Saudi Arabia Pakistan defense agreement is more than a diplomatic gesture. It is a symbolic shift toward Muslim unity, regional cooperation, and rejection of force as a tool for security.

Iran’s warm response, coupled with Saudi-Pakistani collaboration, could pave the way for a multi polar security system where regional powers play the leading role in ensuring peace and stability.

As President Pezeshkian noted, trust, unity, and coo

New Delhi,Sep.25,2025:PM Modi connected self-reliance with the broader target of making India a developed nation by 2047–

The PM Modi India self-reliance statement carried several strong messages.

• India cannot afford to depend on external powers for growth.
• Despite global disruptions, India’s economic growth remains “attractive.”
• India is determined to strengthen its foundation for decades.
• From semiconductors to shipping, India wants to build everything domestically.
• Atmanirbhar Bharat is not just a slogan, but a national mission.

India’s Vision for 2047 A Developed Nation

PM Modi connected self-reliance with the broader target of making India a developed nation by 2047, when the country celebrates 100 years of independence.

According to him, every disruption in global trade or politics should be seen as an opportunity:

“Disruptions don’t divert us. Instead, we discover new directions.”

This reflects the government’s approach of turning crises into opportunities, especially during COVID-19 when India boosted domestic production of PPE kits, vaccines, and medical equipment.

Why Self-Reliance is Crucial in Today’s Global Landscape

The PM Modi India self-reliance statement comes at a time when:

• The Russia-Ukraine war has disrupted global energy and food supplies.
• Tensions in the Indo-Pacific are reshaping trade routes.
• Countries are prioritizing domestic manufacturing for resilience.

For India, reducing dependence on imports in critical areas like electronics, defence, and energy is key to maintaining strategic autonomy.

“Chip to Ship” – What PM Modi Means by Complete Value Chains

One of the most striking parts of the PM Modi India self-reliance statement was his call to produce everything “from chip to ship” in India.

This phrase emphasizes:

• Building a semiconductor ecosystem domestically.
• Expanding electronics manufacturing hubs.
• Strengthening the shipping and logistics industry.

It is not just about producing goods but also about owning the entire value chain, reducing vulnerabilities in global supply disruptions.

India vs. Global Trade Barriers – The 50% US Tariff Challenge

Currently, Indian exports face steep tariffs, with the United States imposing 50% duties on certain products.

This makes self-reliance even more critical. Instead of being restricted by foreign markets, India must strengthen domestic consumption and regional partnerships.

Atmanirbhar Bharat- Progress Made So Far

Since 2020, the Atmanirbhar Bharat mission has been driving India’s policies. Achievements include:

• Rise in defence exports (from ₹1,500 crore in 2016 to over ₹21,000 crore in 2023).
• PLI schemes boosting smartphone and electronics production.
• Green energy expansion, making India a global leader in renewables.
• Start-up ecosystem crossing 100 unicorns.

The PM Modi India self-reliance statement builds on these successes, projecting a confident roadmap for the next two decades.

Experts React to PM Modi India Self-Reliance Statement

Economic and defence experts largely welcomed the speech.

Dr. Arvind Virmani, member of NITI Aayog, told The Economic Times:

“Self-reliance doesn’t mean isolation. It means building capabilities while staying connected to global supply chains.”

Former Army Chief General V.P. Malik highlighted that a strong domestic industry also ensures strategic autonomy in defence.

How Self-Reliance Links to India’s Economic Growth

The PM Modi India self-reliance statement is not only about nationalism; it is also about economic logic:

• India imports goods worth over $600 billion annually.
• Reducing this dependency can save foreign exchange.
• Domestic production creates jobs for millions.
• A strong industrial base attracts global investors.

In essence, self-reliance strengthens both GDP growth and social stability.

Challenges India Must Overcome to Achieve the Vision

While the vision is bold, challenges remain.

• Dependence on foreign technology in semiconductors.
• Infrastructure bottlenecks in ports and logistics.
• Need for skilled workforce in advanced industries.
• Balancing environmental sustainability with industrial growth.

Without addressing these, the PM Modi India self-reliance statement risks becoming aspirational rather than achievable.

Global Comparisons of Self-Reliance Efforts

Other nations are also pursuing self-reliance:

• China has doubled down on domestic manufacturing under “Made in China 2025.”
• USA is reshoring industries under the CHIPS Act.
• Japan is investing heavily in supply chain resilience.

India’s efforts, as outlined in the PM Modi India self-reliance statement, put it in sync with global trends while maintaining its democratic and open-market character.

A Strong India in an Uncertain World

The PM Modi India self-reliance statement is more than just political rhetoric. It is a strategic declaration that India will not be held back by global disruptions or external dependencies.

By strengthening its domestic capabilities — from chip to ship — India is laying the groundwork for its Vision 2047.

In PM Modi’s words, self-reliance is both a mantra and a mission. The coming decades will reveal how effectively India can translate this philosophy into reality, shaping its destiny as a developed and resilient global power.

New Delhi,Sep.25,2025:General Anil Chauhan is a decorated officer with over four decades of service in the Indian Army. Born in 1961, he is currently 64 years old and was appointed as the Chief of Defence Staff (CDS) on September 30, 2022–

Apart from being the CDS, he also serves as the Secretary of the Department of Military Affairs (DMA), a crucial wing of the Ministry of Defence. His military career has been defined by leadership in counter-insurgency operations, strategic planning, and modernization of armed forces.

General Anil Chauhan CDS Tenure Extension Announcement

The General Anil Chauhan CDS tenure extension was confirmed by the Ministry of Defence on Wednesday. According to the statement, the Appointments Committee of the Cabinet (ACC) approved the extension.

The official release stated.

“General Anil Chauhan will continue as the Chief of Defence Staff and Secretary, Department of Military Affairs, until 30 May 2026 or until further orders.”

This means his tenure has effectively been extended by nearly 20 months, giving him ample time to oversee long-term reforms and operational preparedness.

Why the Extension Matters for India’s Defence Strategy

Continuity in military leadership is critical, especially at a time when India faces multiple security challenges.

• Border tensions with China along the Line of Actual Control (LAC).
• Counter-terror operations in Jammu and Kashmir.
• Enhancing defence preparedness in the Indo-Pacific region.
• Accelerating jointness among the Army, Navy, and Air Force.

The General Anil Chauhan CDS tenure extension provides stability to these processes and ensures that reforms initiated in the last two years continue without disruption.

Key Responsibilities of the Chief of Defence Staff (CDS)

The CDS is India’s top military officer and acts as the principal military advisor to the Defence Minister. His primary roles include:

• Promoting jointness among the three armed services.
• Driving theatre command reforms.
• Streamlining defence procurement.
• Overseeing training, logistics, and capability development.
• Representing India in strategic military dialogues globally.

With his tenure extended, General Chauhan is expected to accelerate progress in all these areas.

Cabinet Approval and Political Backing

The decision reflects the strong backing General Chauhan enjoys from the political leadership. The Appointments Committee of the Cabinet (ACC), chaired by Prime Minister Narendra Modi, gave its formal nod.

This political endorsement shows that the government wants long-term military reforms to be led by an experienced hand who has already built momentum since 2022.

General Chauhan’s Achievements Since 2022

Since taking charge in September 2022, General Chauhan has.

• Advanced work on theatre commands, aimed at integrated joint operations.
• Strengthened civil-military synergy through the Department of Military Affairs.
• Promoted indigenisation in defence procurement, aligned with the Atmanirbhar Bharat initiative.
• Enhanced cooperation with allies through international defence exercises.
• Oversaw critical counter-insurgency operations in the northeast.

Impact on India’s Military Reforms and Joint Operations

Military analysts believe the General Anil Chauhan CDS tenure extension gives India the rare opportunity to see through structural reforms without leadership disruption.

Some of the reforms General Chauhan is spearheading include.

• Establishing Integrated Theatre Commands.
• Restructuring forces for better resource optimisation.
• Modernising forces with a focus on cyber and space warfare.
• Coordinating joint training and logistics across services.

These reforms are complex and require time — something the extension now guarantees.

Reactions from Defence Experts and Veterans

Defence experts have largely welcomed the move. Retired Lt. Gen. D.S. Hooda commented in an interview with The Hindu.

“The extension ensures continuity at a critical juncture. The reforms underway are long-term, and this move prevents any disruption.”

Similarly, former Navy Chief Admiral Arun Prakash noted that stability in leadership is essential to maintain India’s deterrence against regional adversaries.

Comparing CDS Tenures Globally

Globally, the concept of a Chief of Defence Staff exists in several nations, including the United States (Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff) and the United Kingdom.

In many of these countries, CDS tenures are longer to ensure consistency in reforms. India extending General Chauhan’s tenure until 2026 aligns with global best practices.

What This Means for India’s National Security Until 2026

With the General Anil Chauhan CDS tenure extension, India’s national security strategy until 2026 is expected to focus on.

1. Theatre Command Rollout – ensuring integrated commands become operational.
2. Indigenisation Drive – boosting Made-in-India defence equipment.
3. Cyber & Space Capabilities – preparing for future warfare.
4. Border Security – continued vigilance along China and Pakistan borders.
5. Global Defence Diplomacy – stronger partnerships with the U.S., France, Japan, and QUAD allies.

The General Anil Chauhan CDS tenure extension is more than just a personnel decision — it is a strategic step to safeguard India’s defence reforms and national security in a volatile region.

UAE,Sep.25,2025:When India walked out to bat in their crucial Super-4 encounter against Bangladesh, all eyes were on young opener Abhishek Sharma. Having already impressed with a 74-run knock against Pakistan earlier, Abhishek once again produced a blistering innings-

His 75 runs from just 37 deliveries, studded with 5 towering sixes, gave India the perfect platform. Abhishek’s fearless intent against the new ball left Bangladesh reeling. Interestingly, he could have been dismissed early on when Zaker Ali dropped his catch at just 7 runs — a mistake that proved costly.

This innings also made him the leading run-scorer of the tournament, with 248 runs so far, ahead of stars from Pakistan, Sri Lanka, and Bangladesh.

Virender Sehwag Recalls Sunil Gavaskar’s Golden Advice

Cricketing greats were quick to hail Abhishek’s performance. Former India opener Virender Sehwag revealed that Sunil Gavaskar once told him:

“When you reach 70 or 80, never miss the hundred.”

While Abhishek once again fell short of a century, his back-to-back match-winning knocks are turning him into India’s biggest T20 asset. His family too expressed pride, with his sister Komal saying she believes a century is just around the corner. His mother, Manju Sharma, echoed the same sentiment, stating-

“He missed a hundred again, but the way he is batting, I am confident he will score one very soon.”

India’s Batting Journey- Explosive Start, Middle-Order Struggles

Opening alongside Shubman Gill, Abhishek Sharma stitched a blistering 77-run partnership in just 6.1 overs. Gill contributed 29 runs, while Abhishek dominated with boundaries all over the ground.

However, once Abhishek departed in the 12th over, India’s scoring rate slowed down dramatically. Over the next eight overs, the team could manage only 56 runs, as Bangladesh spinners tightened their grip.

It was Hardik Pandya’s cameo of 38 runs from 29 balls that pushed India to a respectable 168 runs — a total that eventually proved more than enough.

The Six Heroes of India’s Victory

India’s win wasn’t just about Abhishek Sharma’s 75 runs. Six heroes defined the match:

1. Abhishek Sharma – 75 runs
2. Shubman Gill – 29 runs
3. Hardik Pandya – 38 runs
4. Kuldeep Yadav – 3 wickets
5. Jasprit Bumrah – 2 wickets
6. Varun Chakravarthy – 2 wickets

Together, they ensured India’s dominance both with bat and ball.

Bangladesh’s Fight and Collapse

Chasing 169, Bangladesh faltered early but opener Saif Hassan kept hopes alive with a gritty 69 runs off 51 balls. Unfortunately, no other batter supported him, as the team collapsed to just 127 runs.

Kuldeep Yadav’s magical spell broke the backbone of Bangladesh’s middle order, while Bumrah and Varun sealed the win. Despite dropping as many as five catches, India’s bowling proved too strong.

Abhishek Sharma’s Record-Breaking Form in Asia Cup 2025

Abhishek’s 75 runs added to an already stellar tournament. Here are some of his standout records-

• Most runs in Asia Cup 2025 so far – 248 runs
• Fastest to 500 T20I runs in 2025 for India
• Highest strike rate among Indian openers – over 201 in 19 matches
• 58 sixes since July 2024 – most by any ICC full-member batsman

His consistency has sparked comparisons with Chris Gayle, Brendon McCullum, Travis Head, and mentor Yuvraj Singh.

Comparisons With T20 Legends and Mentors

Former cricketers have been quick to notice Abhishek’s fearless hitting. Irfan Pathan tweeted:

“Abhishek Sharma is currently the most dangerous T20 opener in world cricket.”

The left-hander’s ability to clear boundaries at will reminds fans of Yuvraj Singh, who has also mentored him closely. This mentorship seems to be paying off, with Abhishek evolving into India’s next T20 superstar.

Pakistan or Bangladesh in the Final

India’s spot in the Asia Cup 2025 Final is secured, but the big question is: who will they face?

• If Pakistan beats Bangladesh, cricket lovers could witness yet another high-voltage India vs Pakistan clash.
• If Bangladesh wins, it will be a chance for them to avenge their defeat in the Super-4 stage.

Regardless of the opponent, India enters the final as favorites, riding on their dominant form.

India vs Pakistan- The Rivalry Everyone Awaits

Should Pakistan qualify, it would mark the third India vs Pakistan clash in this tournament. India has already beaten Pakistan twice — once in the group stage and once in the Super-4 round.

Historically, India dominates this rivalry in T20Is, winning 12 out of 15 encounters. Pakistan, however, is desperate to turn the tables, making a potential final a blockbuster.

Fans around the world, from Dubai to Delhi, will be glued to their screens if the arch-rivals meet again.

The Asia Cup 2025 Super-4 clash against Bangladesh showcased India’s depth and dominance, but above all, it was Abhishek Sharma’s 75 runs that lit up the night. His consistency, fearless hitting, and record-breaking form make him India’s biggest hope heading into the final.

Ladakh,Sep.25,2025: Ladakh Violence 2025 marked one of the darkest days in the region’s history since 1989. Protests demanding full statehood for Ladakh and inclusion under the Sixth Schedule spiraled out of control in Leh on Wednesday-

Clashes between protestors and police left 4 dead and at least 59 injured, including 30 police personnel. Officials fear the death toll could rise as six remain in critical condition.

By evening, flames and thick smoke rose across Leh, as angry groups vandalized public property and set vehicles ablaze.

Government Blames Sonam Wangchuk

Late Wednesday night, the Union Home Ministry issued a sharp statement, directly blaming environmental activist Sonam Wangchuk for the escalation of violence.

The ministry alleged that Wangchuk’s speeches invoked comparisons with global protest movements like the Arab Spring and Nepal’s Gen Z demonstrations, “misguiding the youth of Ladakh.”

“Because of personal ambition and selfish politics, the people of Ladakh are paying a heavy price,” the statement read.

Curfew in Leh and Rising Tensions

As violence intensified, a curfew was imposed in Leh, restricting movement and gatherings. Security forces fired tear gas shells and deployed heavy reinforcements to regain control.

Lieutenant Governor Kavinder Gupta called the incident “a conspiracy rather than a spontaneous act” and vowed strict action against those who incited unrest.

The Demands Behind the Protests

The protests, which led to Ladakh Violence 2025, revolve around four key demands:

• Full statehood for Ladakh
• Inclusion in the Sixth Schedule of the Indian Constitution
• Separate Lok Sabha seats for Leh and Kargil
• Reservation in employment for locals

While negotiations have been ongoing with the High-Powered Committee, protest leaders argue that progress is too slow and locals feel ignored.

A Timeline of the Deadly Day

• Morning: Protesters gather in large numbers in Leh, shouting slogans and calling for a complete shutdown.
• Noon: Violence erupts as groups vandalize BJP headquarters and government offices.
• Afternoon: Vehicles are set on fire; police respond with tear gas.
• Evening: At least 4 are confirmed dead; dozens injured.
• Night: Union Government blames Wangchuk; curfew announced in Leh.

High-Powered Committee Meeting Rescheduled

The Home Ministry revealed that a crucial High-Powered Committee meeting originally scheduled for October 6 will now be held on September 25–26 to speed up dialogue with protest groups.

The government highlighted past steps, including:

• Raising Scheduled Tribe reservations in Ladakh from 45% to 84%
• Granting one-third reservation for women in local councils
• Recognizing Bhoti and Purgi as official languages
• Beginning recruitment for 1,800 government posts

Historical Context of Ladakh Violence

This was the worst violence in Ladakh since 1989, when three people died in police firing during protests demanding Union Territory status.

Wednesday’s violence now stands as a grim reminder of Ladakh’s fragile peace, even after it became a Union Territory in 2019 following the abrogation of Article 370.

Political Reactions and Blame Game

The BJP accused the Congress party of orchestrating the unrest, calling it a “malicious conspiracy” to destabilize the region like Bangladesh or Nepal.

Congress leaders, meanwhile, accused the BJP government of failing to handle Ladakh’s aspirations democratically.

BJP spokesperson Sambit Patra said attempts were made to portray the protests as “Gen Z-led,” but investigations revealed them to be politically motivated.

Who is Sonam Wangchuk

Sonam Wangchuk, globally recognized for his environmental work and inspiration behind the film 3 Idiots, has been at the forefront of Ladakh’s movement.

He began a 15-day hunger strike to demand Ladakh’s statehood and constitutional safeguards. After Wednesday’s bloodshed, he announced an end to his strike, appealing to youth to avoid violence.

Why the Sixth Schedule Matters for Ladakh

The Sixth Schedule of India’s Constitution grants special autonomy to tribal regions in states like Meghalaya, Mizoram, Tripura, and Assam.

For Ladakh, this would mean:

• Protection of land and culture
• Greater autonomy for local councils
• Safeguards against demographic changes

Sonam Wangchuk’s Final Appeal to Youth

In an emotional message, Wangchuk said-

“This is the saddest day for Ladakh and for me personally. For five years, we walked the path of peace, but today, violence and arson destroyed our message.”

He urged the youth-

• Stop violence immediately
• Focus on peaceful dialogue
• Avoid giving authorities an excuse to crack down harder

What Lies Ahead for Ladakh

The Ladakh Violence 2025 has exposed deep frustrations among locals about representation, employment, and cultural safeguards.

While the government promises accelerated talks, mistrust remains high. Analysts warn that without genuine autonomy and protections, protests could resurface, risking further instability in the sensitive border region.

Jaipur, Sep.24,2025:The Ajak State Convention 2025 Jaipur has been hailed as a historic event that showcased the unity, vision, and aspirations of Scheduled Caste officers and employees across Rajasthan. Organized at SIAM Auditorium, State Institute of Agricultural Management, Durgapura, Tonk Road, the annual convention of the Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar Scheduled Caste Officers and Employees Association (Ajak) turned into a defining platform for dialogue on education, social justice, leadership, and community empowerment-

The Grandeur of the Historic Gathering

The Ajak State Convention 2025 was described as “majestic and historic” by attendees. Leaders, academicians, retired bureaucrats, and social thinkers gathered under one roof to not only celebrate achievements but also chalk out strategies for future reforms.

The auditorium witnessed enthusiastic participation from across Rajasthan—delegates traveled from Bikaner, Udaipur, Jodhpur, Hanumangarh, Bundi, Dholpur, and Jaipur, making it a truly state-level representation.

Opening Ceremony and Keynote Welcome

The program began with a heartfelt welcome speech by Ajak General Secretary Puranmal Beri, who elaborated on the association’s policies, objectives, and mission. His address set the tone for the event, emphasizing unity and collective responsibility.

Ajak’s Vision for Dalit Empowerment

At the core of the Ajak State Convention 2025 Jaipur was the vision of Dalit empowerment. The organization reiterated its commitment to:

• Promoting quality education for underprivileged students.
• Ensuring equal opportunities in employment.
• Fighting against social discrimination and exploitation.
• Strengthening leadership roles of Scheduled Caste officers.

This focus aligned with the broader vision of Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, whose principles of equality and justice remain guiding lights for the association.

Prof. Ratan Lal’s Call for Education and Global Scholarships

One of the most impactful speeches came from Prof. Ratan Lal of Delhi University, a renowned scholar and speaker.

He emphasized:

• The urgent need for the Dalit community to prioritize education and employment.
• A collective responsibility to fight exploitation and encroachment.
• Ajak’s role in institutionalizing scholarships for at least five brilliant students every year to pursue higher studies abroad.

This call for international exposure received resounding applause, reflecting the community’s aspiration for global academic recognition.

For further context on India’s push for Dalit education, readers may refer to Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment.

Former Chief Secretary Niranjan Arya on Duty and Responsibility

Former Chief Secretary Niranjan Arya delivered an insightful address highlighting why many officers fail to contribute adequately to society while in service.

He urged:

• Officers must not forget their social obligations.
• Positions of power should be utilized to bring visible social reforms.
• Leadership is about responsibility, not privilege.

Arya’s words struck a chord, reminding officers that true change begins with duty-driven service.

Retired IAS and IPS Leaders Stress Social Reform

Several retired IAS and IPS officers including Hanuman Prasad, Kanhaiya Lal Bairwa, Lalit Mehra, B.L. Arya, R.P. Singh, and others shared their experiences.

Key themes from their addresses included:

• Prioritizing education over blind faith.
• Building a society free from superstition and exploitation.
• Strengthening institutional frameworks for Scheduled Caste empowerment.

Their seasoned perspectives enriched the dialogue, reminding attendees of the responsibility to bridge tradition with progress.

Unity in Diversity

Delegates from different regions brought diverse experiences to the convention. Among them were Navrang Meghwal (Bikaner), Surendra Beri (Udaipur), Vitthal Yadav (Jodhpur), Basant Royal, Daularam (Hanumangarh), Sumer Singh (Bundi), Ghanshyam Boyat (Bundi), Pappu Saini (Dholpur), and Bhudev (Jaipur).

Their participation symbolized the grassroots reach of Ajak, making the convention not just an elite gathering but a collective voice of the community.

President Ram Chauradia on Creamy Layer and Sub-Categorization

Ajak President Ram Chauradia, retired IAS, presided over the convention. His keynote address revolved around pressing issues like:

• The debate over creamy layer within Scheduled Castes.
• The need for sub-categorization to ensure equitable distribution of benefits.

By addressing these sensitive issues, Chauradia demonstrated Ajak’s readiness to tackle internal challenges while keeping the larger goal of empowerment intact.

Honouring the Promoted Officers- A Moment of Pride

The convention celebrated the achievements of promoted officers including:

• IAS Officers: Ajay Aswal, Suresh Chandra, Navneet Kumar
• IPS Officer: Govardhan Sonkaria
• Police Inspectors: Prahlad Sahay, Sachin Vijayi, Amit Nagoura, Rajkiran

Each was honoured with a shawl and certificate of appreciation, marking a proud moment for the community. Recognition of such achievements motivates young officers and symbolizes collective success.

Organizational Transparency and Financial Accountability

Treasurer Vinod Gehnolia presented Ajak’s financial report, ensuring transparency. The clarity in presenting accounts reflected the association’s commitment to clean governance and credibility.

The Role of Ajak in Modern India

The Ajak State Convention 2025 Jaipur highlighted that Ajak is not just an association of officers but a movement of social reform. From battling discrimination to fostering education, the organization continues to play a pivotal role in shaping modern India’s inclusivity.

Future Roadmap- Education, Social Justice, and Equality

The resolutions passed in the convention pave the way for:

• Expanding scholarship programs.
• Intensifying campaigns against superstition.
• Building stronger mentorship programs for youth.
• Active participation in policymaking for Scheduled Castes.

These initiatives ensure that Ajak remains relevant and future-ready.

Expert Opinions on the Convention’s Impact

Experts described the convention as-

• “Historic” for its bold discussions on sensitive issues.
• “Inspiring” for highlighting education and global exposure.
• “Groundbreaking” for uniting officers, retirees, and community members under one platform.

Why Ajak State Convention 2025 Was Historic

The Ajak State Convention 2025 Jaipur was more than an annual meeting—it was a historic milestone. It celebrated achievements, debated challenges, and laid down a roadmap for future empowerment.

By focusing on education, social reform, transparency, and leadership, Ajak reaffirmed its role as a torchbearer of Dr. Ambedkar’s vision of equality and justice.

As the convention concluded with gratitude speeches, financial disclosures, and even a community meal followed by a general body meeting, it was evident that Ajak’s strength lies not just in policies but in its collective spirit and forward-looking vision.